Main Categories

Categories: Electrical
Origin: CSA
Close date: Jul 27, 2024
View moreView less
 

Scope: CAN/CSA-C22.2 NO. 62841-2-5:16 (R2021)

This clause of Part 1 is applicable, except as follows:

Addition:

This part of IEC 62841 applies to hand-held circular saws, which hereinafter will be referred to as saws.

This standard does not apply to saws designed for use with abrasive wheels.

NOTE Saws designed for use with abrasive wheels as cut-off machines are covered by IEC 62841-2-22.

Contact: [email protected] (Greg Mills)
Origin: CSA
Close date: Jul 28, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1 General

This Standard provides a means of determining a concrete laboratory’s capability to test concrete and related materials. It provides for three levels of certification: basic concrete, concrete aggregate, and advanced concrete certification. Its purpose is to ensure that the services obtained from a concrete testing laboratory are of acceptable quality and performance. It also provides minimum requirements for the test equipment, qualifications of personnel who test concrete, and their performance in testing; however, this Standard should not be construed as a standard detailing the technical ability and expertise necessary to provide a comprehensive consulting service in concrete technology.

1.2 Laboratory certification

This Standard addresses

a) the requirements for laboratory certification; and

b) the administration of these requirements.

1.3 Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

Contact: [email protected] (Anna Copeland)
Origin: CSA
Close date: Jul 29, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1 Inclusions

Cette norme s’applique à l’emballage primaire. L’emballage primaire est l’emballage qui entre en contact direct avec le produit. L’emballage primaire est parfois appelé emballage « consommateur » ou « de détail ».

 

Cette norme s’applique aux contenants qui font partie d’un système de réutilisation dans lequel le contenant est renvoyé à un point de collecte, puis lavé, redistribué et rempli à nouveau.

 

Cette norme s’applique aux contenants qui répondent aux exigences de la norme de conception des contenants de PR3 et qui sont destinés à entrer en contact avec des aliments ou des boissons.

 

Il est possible que cette norme également s’applique à certaines marchandises alimentaires qui ne sont pas traditionnellement considérées comme des « emballages », mais qui font partie d’un système de réutilisation, tel que les ustensiles et les assiettes.

 

1.2 Exclusions

Cette norme n’est pas destinée aux emballages secondaires, de transport ou tertiaires. Un emballage secondaire contient des unités d’emballage primaire. Les caisses et les boîtes de commerce électronique sont des exemples d’emballages secondaires.

 

1.3 Terminologie

Dans cette norme, le terme « doit » indique une exigence, c.-à-d., une prescription que l’utilisateur est obligé à respecter pour assurer la conformité à la norme; « devrait » indique une recommandation ou ce qu’il est conseillé, mais non obligatoire de faire; et « peut » indique une possibilité ou ce qu’il est permis de faire.

 

Les notes qui accompagnent les articles ne comprennent pas de prescriptions ni de recommandations. Elles servent à séparer du texte les explications ou les renseignements qui ne font pas proprement partie de la norme.

 

Les notes au bas des figures et des tableaux font partie de ceux-ci et peuvent être rédigées comme des prescriptions.

 

Les annexes sont qualifiées de normatives (obligatoires) ou d’informatives (facultatives) pour en préciser l’application.

 

1.4 Unités de mesure

Les valeurs indiquées en unités SI sont les unités d’enregistrement aux fins de la présente norme. Les valeurs indiquées entre parenthèses ne sont données qu’à titre d’information et de comparaison.

Contact: [email protected] (Anna Copeland)
Origin: CSA
Close date: Jul 29, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1 Inclusions

This standard applies to primary packaging. Primary packaging is packaging that comes into direct contact with the product. Primary packaging is sometimes referred to as “consumer” or “retail” packaging.

 

This standard applies to containers that are part of a system for reuse in which the container is returned to a collection point and then washed, redistributed, and refilled.

 

This standard applies to containers that meet the requirements of PR3’s container design standard and are intended to come into contact with food or beverage.

 

This standard can also be applied to some foodware items that are not traditionally referred to as “packaging”, but are part of a reuse system, such as food utensils and plates.

 

1.2 Exclusions

This standard is not intended for secondary, transport, or tertiary packaging. Secondary packaging holds primary packaging units. Examples of secondary packaging include crates and e-commerce boxes.

 

1.3 Terminology

In this Standard, “SHALL” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “SHOULD” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “MAY” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

 

NOTES accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

 

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

 

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

 

1.4 Units of measure

The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.

Contact: [email protected] (Anna Copeland)
Origin: CSA
Close date: Jul 30, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1 Inclusions

This Standard specifies labeling requirements to disclose quantitative and qualitative information on well-to-gate carbon intensity (CI), including production pathway and the main supply chain attributes.

This Standard provides a harmonized disclosure approach based on data obtained using existing methodologies and lifecycle assessment (LCA) tools that are largely used to determine and report greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with hydrogen production to estimate the hydrogen CI.

This Standard applies to the production of gaseous hydrogen. Liquefaction of hydrogen is considered part of conditioning and distribution of hydrogen and is out of scope.

This Standard provides a disclosure framework that applies to site-specific production units. It is applicable to different inventories such as actual hydrogen production batches from a given production site, average hydrogen production over a one-year or more period from a given production site, anticipated average hydrogen production from a planned production facility.

This Standard has been designed for hydrogen with a purity of 98% or greater to be applicable to all ISO 14687 hydrogen fuel qualities.

1.2 Exclusions

This Standard does not cover CI thresholds or limits used to define different categories of hydrogen.

This Standard does not provide an LCA method or model for assessing GHG emissions. Protocols and standards exist for this purpose and are referenced in this Standard.

This Standard does not cover information related to the additional carbon emission resulting from conditioning and transporting hydrogen from the producer to the end-user.

This Standard does not apply to hydrogen obtained by mixing hydrogen produced either in multiple sites or via multiple production pathways.

This Standard is not designed to apply to syngas or blends of hydrogen and other fuels.

1.3 Conflicts

In case of conflict between this Standard and federal, provincial, state, or local regulations, governmental regulations shall take precedence.

1.4 Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the end-user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with this Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

1.5 Use of SI units

The values given in International System of Units (SI) units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.

Contact: [email protected] (Anna Copeland)
Origin: CSA
Close date: Jul 30, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1 Inclusions

La présente norme fixe les règles de mise en forme pour le partage de l’information quantitative et qualitative sur l’intensité carbone (IC), du puits à la production, y compris la filière de production et les principaux attributs de la chaine d’approvisionnement.

La présente norme établit une approche harmonisée pour communiquer les données obtenues par l’application des méthodologies et des outils d’analyse du cycle de vie (ACV) déjà existants et qui sont largement utilisés dans le but de calculer les émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) de la production d’hydrogène afin d’estimer l’IC de l’hydrogène.

La présente norme s’applique à la production d’hydrogène gazeux; la liquéfaction est vue comme faisant partie du conditionnement et de la distribution de l’hydrogène et n’est donc pas incluse dans le domaine d’application.

La présente norme détermine une démarche de communication s’appliquant aux unités de production propres à des sites distincts. Elle s’applique à différentes quantités, comme les quantités réelles produites par un site donné, la production moyenne sur un an (ou plus) d’un site donné, ou la production moyenne attendue d’une installation de production prévue.

La présente norme a été conçue pour de l’hydrogène dont la pureté est d’au moins 98 % pour être compatible avec toutes les qualités du carburant hydrogène établies dans ISO 14687.

1.2 Exclusions

La présente norme ne traite pas des seuils ou limites des IC employées pour catégoriser l’hydrogène.

La présente norme ne fournit pas de méthode d’ACV ou de modèle pour l’évaluation des émissions de GES.

Note - Il existe déjà pour cela des protocoles et normes auxquels la présente norme fait référence.

La présente norme ne couvre pas les renseignements concernant les émissions de carbone additionnelles provenant du conditionnement de l’hydrogène et de son transport du site de production vers l’utilisateur final.

La présente norme ne s’applique pas à l’hydrogène obtenu par mélange de la production d’hydrogène de multiples sites ou de multiples filières de production.

La présente norme n’est pas conçue pour être appliquée au gaz de synthèse ou aux mélanges d’hydrogène et d’autres carburants.

1.3 Incompatibilité

En cas de conflit entre la présente norme et la règlementation fédérale, provinciale, étatique ou locale, la priorité doit être donnée à la règlementation gouvernementale.

1.4 Terminologie

Dans la présente norme, le terme « doit » indique une exigence, c’est-à-dire une prescription que l’utilisateur final doit respecter pour assurer la conformité à la norme; les formes verbales « il est recommandé » ou « il convient » indiquent une recommandation ou ce qu’il est conseillé, mais non obligatoire, de faire; et « peut » indique une possibilité ou ce qu’il est permis de faire.

1.5 Usage du SI

Les valeurs données dans le Système international d’unités (SI) constituent les unités officielles aux fins de la présente norme. Les valeurs entre parenthèses sont fournies simplement à titre informatif et comparatif.

Categories: Electrical
Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 2, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1
This Standard applies to open-type (fused and solid-blade) cutouts with a polymeric insulator structure component. These cutouts are intended for operation on alternating current distribution systems.

1.2

In some cases, specific types of construction are envisaged. This does not preclude the use of other types of construction, provided that the engineering
representatives involved can demonstrate the safety and suitability of these alternatives.

1.3

In this Standard, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; should is
used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the
limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

 

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1.4

The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.

Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 3, 2024
View moreView less
 

1 Scope

1.1 Purpose

This Standard specifies minimum accessibility requirements for self-service interactive devices (such as, but not limited to, automated banking machines, retail self-checkout, self check-in devices, ticket vending kiosks, smart card sales, query and reload devices).

Note: While the purpose of this Standard is to make a product as accessible and usable as practicable, it is possible that some people will have needs greater than or different from the needs addressed by this Standard, and having the ability to interact with a person can be supportive. See Annex A for common design barriers for people with disabilities.

1.2 Application

This Standard specifies technical requirements applicable to the design, manufacture, site preparation, and installation of self-service interactive devices.

1.3 Limitations

This Standard does not cover

a) physical environment of drive up self-service interactive devices; and

b) websites and web applications that are beyond the control of the service provider and accessed from public devices.

1.4 Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1.5 Alt text

Alt text is provided in the captions associated with figures and tables.

Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 3, 2024
View moreView less
 

1 Domaine d’application

1.1 Objet

Cette norme énonce les exigences minimales relatives à l’accessibilité pour les dispositifs interactifs libre-service (tels que, mais sans s’y limiter, les guichets automatiques bancaires, les caisses libre-service des commerçants, les dispositifs d’enregistrement, les kiosques distributeurs de billets, les ventes de cartes à puce, les dispositifs de consultation et de recharge).

Note : Bien que cette norme vise à rendre les produits aussi accessibles et faciles d’utilisation que pratiques, il est possible que certaines personnes aient des besoins plus importants ou différents que ceux dont il est question ici et le fait d’avoir la capacité d’interagir avec une personne pourrait être aidant. Voir l’annexe A au sujet des obstacles communs de conception auxquels font face les personnes atteintes d’une incapacité.

1.2 Application

Cette norme énonce les exigences techniques relatives à la conception, à la fabrication, à la préparation du site et à l’installation de dispositifs interactifs libre-service.

1.3 Limites

Cette norme ne s’applique pas :

a) à l’environnement physique des dispositifs interactifs libre-service au volant; et

b) aux sites et aux applications Web sur lesquels le fournisseur de services n’a aucune maîtrise et qui sont accessibles depuis un dispositif public.

1.4 Terminologie

Dans cette norme, le terme « doit » indique une exigence, c’est‐à‐dire une prescription que l’utilisateur est obligé de respecter pour assurer la conformité à la norme; « devrait » indique une recommandation ou ce qu’il est conseillé, mais non obligatoire de faire; et « peut » indique une possibilité ou ce qu’il est permis de faire.

Les notes qui accompagnent les articles ne comprennent pas de prescriptions ni de recommandations. Elles servent à séparer du texte les explications ou les renseignements qui ne font pas proprement partie de la norme.

Les notes au bas des figures et des tableaux font partie de ceux‐ci et peuvent être rédigées comme des prescriptions.

Les annexes sont qualifiées de normatives (obligatoires) ou d’informatives (facultatives) pour en préciser l’application.

1.5 Texte alternatif

Du texte alternatif est fourni dans les légendes associées aux figures et aux tableaux.

Categories: Electrical
Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 3, 2024
View moreView less
 

This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following.

BATTERY-OPERATED APPLIANCES and other d.c. supplied appliances are within the scope of this standard. Dual supply appliances, either mains-supplied or battery-operated, are regarded as BATTERY-OPERATED APPLIANCES when operated in the battery mode.

This International Standard deals with the safety of electric shavers, hair clippers and similar appliances intended for household and similar purposes, their RATED VOLTAGE being not more than 250 V.

NOTE 101 Examples of similar appliances are epilators and those appliances used for manicure, and pedicure.

Appliances not intended for normal household use, but which nevertheless may be a source of danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used by laymen in shops and on farms, are within the scope of this standard.

NOTE 102 Examples of such appliances are ANIMAL CLIPPERS, ANIMAL SHEARERS and appliances for hairdressers.

As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by all persons in and around the home. However, in general, it does not take into account

– persons (including children) whose
• physical, sensory or mental capabilities; or
• lack of experience and knowledge prevents them from using the appliance safely without supervision or instruction;
– children playing with the appliance.

NOTE 103 Attention is drawn to the fact that

– for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary;
– in many countries additional requirements are specified by national health authorities, national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and similar authorities.

NOTE 104 This standard does not apply to

– appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas);
– massage appliances (IEC 60335-2-32);
– appliances for medical purposes (IEC 60601).

1DV.1 DR Modification to add the following after Note 101 of the part 2:

This Standard also covers:

Epilators; and

Hair Clippers and shavers incorporating a suction feature to collect clippings or shavings during operation.

1DV.2 D2 Modification of Note 104 of the Part 2 by the addition of the following dashed items:

– lather makers (CSA C22.2 No. 64, UL 499);
– barber shop vacuum cleaners for use on persons (CSA C22.2 No. 243, UL 1017, CSA E60335-2-2)
– manicure, pedicure, or personal grooming appliances used for similar purposes (CSA C22.2 NO 36, CSA C22.2 No. 60335-2-23, UL 859). However, hair clipping and shaving appliances supplied with manicure, pedicure, or other similar attachments or accessories are investigated under these requirements and such additional requirements as are applicable to the appliance under consideration.
– lasers and intense light source hair removal devices (CSA C22.2 No. 60601-1, CSA C22.2 No. 60335-2-113, ANSI/AAMI ES60601, UL 60601/UL 60335-2-113).

Categories: Energy
Contact: [email protected] (Jennifer Hess)
Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 3, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1 Inclusions

This Standard applies to newly produced combination gas controls (see Clause 3), hereinafter referred to as controls, constructed entirely of new, unused parts and materials.

1.2 Additional Inclusions

The combination control may include other functions such as pilot gas filters, pressure switches, etc., of an approved type (see Clause 3) or  be investigated as an integral part of the combination control for construction and performance equivalent to an approved type.

A control which incorporates two or more automatic valves and no other function (as defined by combination control in Clause 3), may be tested to ANSI Z21.21 • CSA 6.5 at the discretion of the manufacturer.

1.3 Exclusions

Compliance of a combination control with this Standard does not imply that the combination control is acceptable for use on gas appliances without supplemental tests with the combination control applied to the particular appliance design.

1.4 Pressure ratings

This Standard applies to combination controls having a maximum operating gas pressure of 1/2 psi (3.5 kPa) with one or more of the following fuel gases: natural , propane, and hydrogen or hydrogen gas admixtures.

1.5 Temperature ratings

This Standard applies to combination controls which are capable of operation in ambient temperatures of 32°F (0 °C) to 125°F (51.5 °C), unless a higher temperature, lower temperature, or both, are specified by the manufacturer.

1.6 Additional Provisions for the United States

Clause 6 contains items unique to the United States.

1.7 Additional provisions for Canada

Clause 7 contains items unique to Canada.

1.8

1.9 Pressure references

All references to psi through this Standard  to be considered gauge pressure unless otherwise specified.

1.10 Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

 

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

 

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

 

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1.11 Units of measurement

The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.

Categories: Energy
Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 6, 2024
View moreView less
 

Annex A (informative)
Electrical, environmental, and other guidelines for ground source heat pumps and underground thermal energy storage (UTES) systems

Annex B (informative)
Installation checklist for open- and closed-loop ground source heat pump systems

Annex C (informative)
Site survey/As-built worksheet

Annex D (informative)
Annual energy requirements based on modified ASHRAE bin hour method

Annex E (informative)
Wastewater Energy Transfer Systems Design and Installation

Annex F (informative)
Bibliography

Categories: Energy
Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 6, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1  Inclusions

This Standard applies to vertical closed-loop ground heat exchangers that are to be connected to a ground source heat pump system and used as a thermal source and sink for heating and cooling applications. Vertical closed-loop ground heat exchangers that are intended for connection to a direct expansion ground source heat pump are covered under ANSI/CSA/IGSHPA C448.10.

1.2  Thermal energy storage systems

This Standard also applies to the vertical closed-loop ground heat exchanger portion of a thermal energy storage system.

1.3  Minimum requirements

This Standard covers the minimum requirements for site survey, material selections, installation, testing and verification, documentation, commissioning, and decommissioning.

1.4  Units

The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.

1.5  Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.

Categories: Energy
Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 6, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1  Inclusions

This section applies to District energy Systems which implies connection of all building types, residential, non-residential, or a combination of the two.  This section applies only to hydronic district energy systems providing ambient water, chilled water, or heating hot water.

1.2  Exclusions

This section does not cover requirements for source and sinks or associated ground heat exchangers as defined in C448.0 Clause 3.   

1.3  Units

The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.

The values given in US customary units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.

1.4  Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

Categories: Energy
Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 6, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1  Application

This Standard applies to horizontal closed-loop ground heat exchangers that are to be connected to a ground source heat pump system and used as a thermal source or sink for heating and cooling applications.

1.2  Additional applications

This Standard also applies to the horizontal closed-loop ground heat exchanger portion of a thermal energy storage system.

1.3  Minimum Requirements

This Standard covers the minimum requirements for site survey, material selections, installation, testing and verification, documentation, commissioning, and decommissioning.

1.4  Units

The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in the parentheses are for information only.

1.5  Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.

Categories: Energy
Origin: CSA
Close date: Aug 6, 2024
View moreView less
 

1.1  Inclusions

This Standard applies to submerged surface water heat exchangers, submerged and aboveground, which are to be connected to a ground source heat pump system and used as a thermal source or sink for heating and cooling applications.

1.2  Minimum requirements

This Standard covers the minimum and specific requirements for the site survey, design, installation, and decommissioning of surface water heat exchangers.

1.3  Units

The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in the parentheses are for information only.

1.4  Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.