The purpose of this Standard is to establish criteria for the design, manufacture, testing, inspection, installation, maintenance, use, and operation of vehicle-mounted aerial devices installed on a chassis, primarily used to position personnel, and for the training of operators for that equipment, to achieve the following objectives:

ScopeFacilities

Types of facilities

This Standard addresses the design and operation of EMPs for nuclear facilities.

Note: On-site conventional waste management facilities (e.g.: landfills, incinerators, and sewage treatment plants handling non-radioactive material) are included in the scope of this standard.

Facility lifecycle

The nature and extent of environmental monitoring requirements will change during the lifecycle of the facility. This Standard addresses monitoring performed during

site preparation, construction, and commissioning;

operations;

decommissioning; and

any period of institutional control that might follow closure of the facility.

Notes:

In Canada, baseline monitoring prior to the submission of an application for a licence to prepare a site might not be fully addressed by this standard. For more information on pre-licensing baseline monitoring, see CNSC REGDOC-1.1.1, Section 3.4, Appendix B.3, and Appendix C, CNSC REGDOC-2.9.1, and BCMOE, 2016.

Data from baseline monitoring are generally used as an input into the ERA. Many of the recommendations and considerations provided within this Standard are applicable to environmental baseline activities. In addition, pre-licensing baseline data collection ideally places special emphasis on environmental factors and elements that might be carried forward to the EMP.

Operating conditions

Monitoring during normal operations

The monitoring described in this Standard is applicable where human and/or non-human biota might routinely be exposed to

low-level emissions of nuclear and hazardous substances released to the environment as the result of the normal operation of a nuclear facility; or

physical stressors imposed on the environment as the result of the normal operation of a nuclear facility.

Monitoring during accidental releases

This Standard does not address acute or high-level exposures that can result from accident scenarios (e.g., design basis accidents, beyond design basis accidents), although some parts of this Standard might be applicable to the monitoring of the long-term effect of such an event. In these cases, the operator of the facility is responsible for determining the applicability of the guidance.

Monitoring program boundary

This Standard addresses monitoring conducted in the environment within the spatial boundaries defined in the ERA. This monitoring starts beyond

the final point of control for an airborne or waterborne release; or

the facility boundary.

         Note: The facility boundary may be the outer wall or foundation of the building housing the licensed activity. In Canada, the facility boundary may be the boundary of the protected area as defined in Section 9 of the Nuclear Security Regulations for nuclear facilities to which those Regulations apply.

Monitoring extends out to locations determined in the ERA by receptors and receptor range.  The spatial boundaries might be different for each media.

Notes:

This Standard does not address effluent monitoring, which involves the monitoring of the release of nuclear and hazardous substances to the environment. See CSA N288.5 for additional information on effluent monitoring programs.

This Standard assumes that the exposure to nuclear or hazardous substances by persons working or visiting inside the facility boundary will be controlled through the facility radiation protection program, environmental protection program, or health and safety program.

Contaminants and physical stressors

This document provides guidance on monitoring for the contaminants and physical stressors in environmental media, as identified in the ERA and/or determined by the AHJ. These contaminants and physical stressors can include one or more of the following:

(a)   hazardous substances such as toxic, corrosive, or environmentally deleterious substances;

(b)   nuclear substances and radiation; and

(c)   physical stressors.

Receptors and biological effects

This document provides guidance on designing an EMP that can

(a)   provide the data necessary to assess potential biological effects on receptors; and

 (b)  measure direct biological effects on receptors.

.

Notes:

Receptors are identified in the ERA and/or as determined by the AHJ. The receptors can include human or non-human biota.

Measurements of effects in non-human biota (measurement endpoints) can occur at the level of an individual organism, a population, or a community. Often measurement endpoints at the individual level are intended to represent the potential for higher level effects (assessment endpoints) that are of primary concern to environment managers.

Interpretation of data

This Standard provides guidance on the interpretation of data collected by an EMP. However, users are cautioned that AHJs can impose requirements regarding data analysis and interpretation that differ from those described in this Standard. The operator of the nuclear facility is responsible for determining what data analysis and interpretation are necessary to ensure compliance with AHJs.

Dose assessment

Although one of the objectives of an EMP may be to provide the data required to support radiation dose assessments or assessments of exposure to hazardous substances, this document does not address dose assessment methods for either human or non-human biota.

Note: Assessments of dose/exposure are normally part of the ERA and any subsequent assessments based on environmental monitoring data are ideally done the same way, using CSA N288.6 or equivalent standards and guidance that were used in the ERA or their most recent updates. Monitoring to support dose assessment is further addressed in Clause 7.4.

Reporting

This Standard provides guidance on reporting the results of an EMP. However, users are cautioned that AHJs may impose reporting requirements that differ from those described in this Standard. The operator of the nuclear facility is responsible for determining the required frequency and content of reports to AHJs necessary to ensure compliance.

Terminology

In CSA Standards, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

Domaine d’applicationInstallations

Types d’installation

Cette norme vise la conception et l’exploitation de PSE aux installations nucléaires.

Note : Des installations de gestion des déchets traditionnelles sur place (p. ex., centre d’enfouissement, incinérateurs et stations de traitement des eaux usées pour traiter les matières non radioactives) sont incluses dans le domaine d’application de cette norme.

Scope

This Standard applies to the external vulnerabilities of structures to wildfire within the interface zone areas in northern regions.

1.1 General

This Standard specifies requirements for fire resilient community planning, building design, materials for new developments and also for re-locatable industrial accommodation buildings in northern regions. 

 1.2 Terminology

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard specifies requirements for concrete paving slabs manufactured from hydraulic cement concrete to be used in the construction of pavement and roof coverings. Concrete paving slabs may consist of a single concrete throughout, or constituent layers of face and backing concrete. This Standard includes units with architectural finishes or tactile surfaces.

Notes:

Annex A contains information on efflorescence and recommends methods for its removal. Annex B provides information on the installation of pavement components made with precast concrete paving slabs.

Face mix layers should have a minimum thickness of 4 mm.

The terms “slab” and “concrete paving slab” are used interchangeably in this Standard.

The term height is used interchangeably with the term thickness throughout this standard.

1.2

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.

This document specifies requirements and provides guidance on the enumeration and microbial characterization of the population of viable microorganisms on or in a health care product, component, raw material or package.

This document defines terms in the field of the sterilization of health care products including related equipment and processes.

This document specifies the particular requirements, including performance criteria for washer-disinfectors (WD) that are intended to be used for cleaning and chemical disinfection of thermolabile endoscopes.

This International Standard specifies requirements for the development, validation and routine control of a dry heat sterilization process for medical devices.

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard applies to newly produced vented gas fireplace heaters (see Clause 3, Definitions), hereinafter referred to as appliance(s), constructed entirely of new, unused parts and materials, and having input ratings up to and including 400,000 Btu/hr (117 228 W):

a) for use with natural gas;

b) for use with propane;

c) direct vent appliances for manufactured home (USA only) or mobile home OEM installation convertible for use with natural gas and propane when provision is made for simple conversion from one gas to the other [see Clause 4.1.4a) and b)];

d) direct vent appliances for manufactured home (USA only) or mobile home aftermarket installation for use with natural gas only or propane gas only [see Clause 4.1.4b)];

e) direct vent appliances for recreational vehicle installation for use with propane gas only [see Clause 4.1.4c)];

f) direct vent appliances for recreational vehicle installation only convertible for use with natural gas and propane gas when provision is made for the simple conversion from one gas to the other [see Clause 4.1.4c)]; and

g) for direct vent appliances for manufactured home (USA only) or mobile home OEM installation for use with propane gas only [see Clause 4.1.4a)].

The construction of vented gas fireplace heaters and vented gas fireplace heaters with cooling units for use with the above-mentioned gases is covered under Clause 4, Construction.

The performance of vented gas fireplace heaters and vented gas fireplace heaters with cooling units for use with the above-mentioned gases is covered under Clause 5, Performance.

1        Scope

1.1    

This Standard provides requirements for construction, fabrication, and installation of concrete containment structure which includes, but is not limited to, the following structural and non-structural elements:

a)  concrete;

b)  reinforcement (pre-stressed and non-pre-stressed);

c)  steel (e.g., liner, embedded parts, anchors);

d)  non-metallic liners and coating systems;

e)  joint sealants; and

f)  elements necessary to support containment structure (e.g. foundations).

1.2    

This Standard provides personnel qualification requirements for work performed as it pertains to the construction, fabrication, and installation of concrete containment structures for nuclear power plants, in accordance with this Standard.

1.3    

This Standard may be applied, as appropriate, to nuclear facilities under the jurisdiction of the Nuclear Safety and Control Act.

1.4    

This Standard is used in concert with the following standards, as applicable:

a)   CSA N287.1, which outlines general requirements for concrete containment structures for nuclear power plants; and

b)   CSA N287.8, which outlines aging management requirements for concrete containment structures for nuclear power plants.

1.5    

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1        Domaine d’application

1.1       

Cette norme énonce les exigences relatives à la construction, à la fabrication et à l’installation des enceintes de confinement en béton, qui comprend, mais sans s’y limiter, les éléments structuraux et non structuraux suivants :

a)  le béton;

b)  les armatures (précontraintes et non précontraintes);

c)  l’acier (p. ex., membrane protectrice, pièces noyées, ancrages);

d)  les systèmes de revêtement non métallique et de revêtement;

e)  les mastics de jointoiement; et

f)  les éléments nécessaires à une enceinte de confinement (p. ex., fondations).

1.2       

Cette norme énonce les exigences relatives à l’agrément du personnel pour les travaux de construction, de fabrication et d’installation des enceintes de confinement en béton pour les centrales nucléaires, effectués conformément à cette norme.

1.3       

Cette norme peut s’appliquer, s’il y a lieu, aux installations nucléaires visées par la Loi sur la sûreté et la réglementation nucléaires.

1.4       

Cette norme est utilisée conjointement avec les normes suivantes, le cas échéant :

a)   La CSA N287.1, qui énonce les exigences générales relatives aux enceintes de confinement en béton des centrales nucléaires; et

b)   La CSA N287.8, qui énonce les exigences relatives à la gestion du vieillissement des enceintes de confinement en béton des centrales nucléaires.

1.5       

Dans cette norme, le terme « doit » indique une exigence, c’est-à-dire une prescription que l’utilisateur doit respecter pour assurer la conformité à la norme; « devrait » indique une recommandation ou ce qu’il est conseillé mais non obligatoire de faire; et « peut » indique une possibilité ou ce qu’il est permis de faire.

Les notes qui accompagnent les articles ne comprennent pas de prescriptions ni de recommandations. Elles servent à séparer du texte les explications ou les renseignements qui ne font pas proprement partie de la norme.

Les notes au bas des figures et des tableaux font partie de ceux-ci et peuvent être rédigées comme des prescriptions.

Les annexes sont qualifiées de normatives (obligatoires) ou d’informatives (facultatives) pour en préciser l’application.

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard covers thermoplastic nonpressure piping, including

a) drain, waste, and vent pipe and pipe fittings;

b) sewer and storm pipe and pipe fittings; and

c) accessories such as factory-assembled expansion joints, closet flanges, backwater valves, and cleanouts.

Note: This Standard does not specify requirements for venting of combustion gases. In Canada, ULC S636 specifies testing and marking requirements for pipe, fittings, and accessories intended for venting of combustion gases. In the United States, UL 1738 specifies testing and marking requirements for pipe, fittings, and accessories intended for venting of combustion gases.

1.2

This Standard specifies general requirements for compounds and for manufactured pipe and pipe fittings, the relevant test methods, and marking requirements.

1.3

This Standard is intended to be used in conjunction with one of the other Standards in the CSA B181 or CSA B182 series to form a complete Standard for a particular product.

1.4

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard specifies requirements for polyvinylchloride (PVC) and chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) drain, waste, and vent (DWV) pipe, pipe fittings, and accessories such as factory-assembled expansion joints, closet flanges, backwater valves, and fire-stop fittings*.

* The fire stop is for use in fire separations only. It can be subject to code requirements not covered in this Standard. See the definition of “Fire-stop fitting” in Clause 3.1 of CSA B181.0.

Notes:

1) Recommended installation practices for PVC-DWV pipe are specified in Annex A. Following these practices will help ensure proper installation and optimum service life.

2) The maximum pressure used to test DWV installations should be 100 kPa (see Clause A.5.2).

3) This Standard does not specify requirements for venting of combustion gases. In Canada, ULC S636 specifies testing and marking requirements for pipe, fittings and accessories intended for venting of combustion gases. In the United States, UL 1738 specifies testing and marking requirements for pipe, fittings, and accessories intended for venting of combustion gases.

1.2

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard specifies requirements for compounds, pipe, and fittings used in polyolefin and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) laboratory drainage systems for corrosive applications.

Notes:

1) Polyolefin includes both PE and PP plastics.

2) PVDF includes emulsion or suspension polymerization of vinylidene fluoride, and copolymers of vinylidene and hexafluoropropylene produced by emulsion or suspension.

3) Other thermoplastics may be certified to this Standard provided that they comply with the requirements specified in this Standard.

1.2

Pipe and fittings covered in this Standard are intended to be joined by heat fusion using joining equipment supplied by the manufacturer.

1.3

This Standard is not intended to provide for interchangeability between plastic pipe and fittings from different manufacturers, but it does allow for transition fittings used to join one manufacturer’s product to another’s, provided that the joining technique is other than heat fusion.

Note: For guidance on fusion joints and aboveground and underground installations, refer to Annex A.

1.4

Polyolefin laboratory drainage systems having characteristics differing from or additional to those covered by this Standard should be investigated to determine whether they comply with the intent of this Standard.

1.5

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

Scope

1.1

This Standard specifies requirements for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) drain, waste, and vent (DWV) pipe, pipe fittings, and accessories such as factory-assembled expansion joints, closet flanges, and backwater valves.

Notes:

1) Recommended installation practices for ABS-DWV pipe are specified in Annex A. Use of these recommended practices can help to ensure proper installation and optimum service life.

2) The maximum pressure used to test DWV installations should be 100 kPa (see Clause A.5.2).

3) This Standard does not specify requirements for venting of combustion gases. In Canada, ULC S636 specifies testing and marking requirements for pipe, fittings and accessories intended for venting of combustion gases. In the United States, UL 1738 specifies testing and marking requirements for pipe, fittings, and accessories intended for venting of combustion gases.

1.2

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard specifies requirements for coextruded thermoplastic drain, waste, and vent (DWV) pipe with an outer layer of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and an inner layer of polyvinylchloride (PVC) or with outer and inner layers of ABS and a core of PVC.

1.2

Pipe manufactured in accordance with this Standard is intended to be used with fittings, accessories, and solvent cement that comply with the requirements of CSA B181.1.

Note: Recommended storage, handling, and installation practices for coextruded ABS/PVC-DWV pipe are provided in Annex A of CSA B181.1. Use of these recommended practices can help to ensure proper installation and optimum service life.

1.3

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard specifies requirements for

a) plastic drain and sewer pipe and plastic pipe fittings with pipe stiffness of 275, 320, or 625 kPa, including single-wall, coextruded, and coextruded dual-wall pipe with a smooth interior;

b) single-wall, non-corrugated, perforated plastic pipe and plastic pipe fittings with a pipe stiffness of 200 kPa;

c) coextruded dual-wall perforated plastic pipe with a smooth interior, corrugated exterior, and a pipe stiffness of 200 kPa; and

d) solvent cement.

Notes:

1) Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with the approval of the authority having jurisdiction because chemicals not commonly found in drains and sewers, and temperatures greater than 60 °C, can be encountered.

2) Guidance on the relationship between pipe stiffness and the end use of the pipe is given in Annex A.

1.2

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard specifies requirements for SDR 26, 28, 35, and 41 PSM type polyvinylchloride (PVC) sewer pipe and fittings.

Notes:

1) Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with the approval of the authority having jurisdiction because chemicals not commonly found in drains and sewers, and temperatures greater than 60 °C, can be encountered.

2) Nominal pipe size is indicated by an NPS designation, and actual dimensions are given in millimetres. For example, an NPS-10 pipe will be nominally 10 in in diameter.

3) See the definition of “PSM” in Clause 3.1 of CSA B181.0.

1.2

Pipe manufactured to this Standard may have multilayer construction, and the middle layer may have reprocessed-recycled content.

Note: In this Standard, the term “multilayer” refers to pipe having three layers.

1.3

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard specifies requirements for profile polyvinylchloride (PVC) sewer pipe and fittings of pipe stiffness 70 and 320 (PS70 and PS320), based on controlled inside diameter.

Notes:

1) Pipe and fittings manufactured in accordance with this Standard should be installed in accordance with CSA B182.11.

2) Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with the approval of the authority having jurisdiction because chemicals not commonly found in drains and sewers, and temperatures greater than 60 °C, can be encountered.

3) When PS70 pipe is used, the appropriate authority having jurisdiction should be consulted.

1.2

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.