Draft Details
- Selection, use, and care of respirators (New E...
- CSA Z94.4:25 (Draft New Edition)
- Public Review Draft
- Legal Notice for Draft Standards
- Preface
- CAN/CSA-Z94.4-25
- + 1 Scope
- 1.1 Scope of the standard
- 1.2 Outside of scope for the purpose of selecti...
- 1.3 Outside of scope for selection, requirement...
- 1.4 Units of measurement
- 1.5 Application of language in the Standard
- 2 Reference publications
- 3 Definitions
- + 4 Respirator classification and styles
- 4.1 General
- + 4.2 Classification of respirators
- 4.2.1 Basic grouping of respirators primarily b...
- 4.3 Respirator interface styles
- 4.4 Escape respirators
- 4.5 Other breathing aids and air-supply devices...
- + 5 Respiratory protection program
- 5.1 General
- + 5.2 Employer responsibility
- 5.2.1 Written respiratory protection program
- 5.2.2 Quality assurance requirements of the pro...
- 5.2.3 Roles of the program
- 5.3 Program components
- + 6 Roles and responsibilities
- 6.1 Program administrator
- 6.2 Respirator wearers
- 6.3 Supervisor
- 6.4 Person selecting respirators
- 6.5 Respirator fit tester
- 6.6 Issuer of respirators
- 6.7 Respirator maintenance personnel
- 6.8 Program health care professional
- + 7 Hazard identification and risk analysis
- 7.1 General
- + 7.2 Steps in respirable hazard identification a...
- 7.2.1 Respirable hazards
- 7.2.2 Identification of contaminants and the ha...
- 7.2.3 Identification of physical state
- 7.2.4 Measurement or estimation of concentratio...
- 7.2.5 Determination of oxygen level
- 7.2.6 Identification of occupational exposure l...
- 7.2.7 Determination of the existence of an IDLH...
- 7.2.8 Determination of the presence of oil
- 7.2.9 Determination of skin or eye absorption a...
- 7.2.10 Bioaerosols
- + 7.3 Risk Analysis for bioaerosol-related hazard...
- 7.3.1 General
- 7.3.2 Determination of applicable specific guid...
- + 7.3.3 Workplace aspects
- 7.3.3.1 General
- 7.3.3.2 Healthcare workplaces and healthcare de...
- 7.3.3.3 Non-healthcare workplaces
- 7.3.4 Risk assessment concept: Source-Pathway-R...
- Figure 1. Source Pathway Receiver Model and Ex...
- + 7.3.5 Bioaerosol properties and sources
- 7.3.5.1 Identification of micro-organisms
- 7.3.5.2 Circumstances forming micro-organism-co...
- + 7.3.6 Receiver exposure path via respiratory ro...
- 7.3.6.1 Properties of micro-organisms
- + 7.3.6.2 Micro-organism hazard level (H) determi...
- Table 1. Assignment of Micro-organism Hazard L...
- 7.3.6.3 Quantification of micro-organisms
- 7.3.6.4 Development of adverse health effects a...
- + 7.3.7 Summary of aerosol-generating activities
- 7.3.7.1 Generation mechanisms
- 7.3.7.2 Human and animal sources
- 7.3.7.3 Bioaerosol Generation - Botanical and P...
- 7.3.7.4 Source factors affecting acquisition of...
- 7.3.7.5 Controls at source
- 7.3.7.6 Additional routes of transport causing ...
- + 7.3.8 Micro-organism transport via bioaerosols:...
- 7.3.8.1 Conditions for airborne transmission of...
- 7.3.8.2 Contributors to airborne transmission
- 7.3.8.3 Pathway factors affecting infection tra...
- 7.3.8.4 Non-Infectious bioaerosol transmission
- 7.3.8.5 Pathway controls
- 7.3.9 Receiver-related factors
- 7.3.10 Risk of exposure, leading to selection
- 7.4 Updated assessments (all workplaces)
- + 8 Respirator selection for the general workplac...
- + 8.1 General
- 8.1.1 Application
- 8.1.2 Limitations on use
- 8.1.3 Extraordinary circumstances in operations...
- + 8.2 Selection procedures
- + 8.2.1 General
- 8.2.1.1 Selection process in general
- 8.2.1.2 Qualified persons for respirator select...
- 8.2.2 Respirator selection for protection again...
- + 8.2.3 How the respirator selection flow chart i...
- 8.2.3.1 Before using the flow chart
- 8.2.3.2 Sequence of use
- 8.2.3.3 Red diamonds
- 8.2.3.4 Green rectangles with curved base
- 8.2.3.5 Yellow filled rectangles
- 8.2.3.6 Hexagons
- 8.2.3.7 Stages of the process
- 8.2.3.8 Definitions
- + 8.2.3.9 Notes
- Table 2. Notes for Figure 2.
- Figure 2. Respirator selection flow chart.
- Table 3. Summary of protection levels for sele...
- + 8.2.4 Aspects of respirator selection in additi...
- 8.2.4.1 General
- 8.2.4.2 Specific additional protection requirem...
- + 8.2.4.3 Specific workplace requirements
- 8.2.4.3.1 Other factors in the workplace
- 8.2.4.3.2 Selection of single-use or re-usable ...
- 8.2.4.3.3 Fluid resistance and flammability req...
- 8.2.4.3.4 Exhalation valves and outward leakage...
- 8.2.4.4 Interferences
- + 8.2.4.5 Functionality
- 8.2.4.5.1 General
- 8.2.4.5.2 Breathability
- 8.2.4.5.3 Comfort
- 8.2.4.5.4 Skin integrity and sensitivity
- 8.2.4.5.5 Task impedance
- + 8.3 Selection of respirators for biological aer...
- 8.3.1 Application
- 8.3.2 Overall process for respirator selection ...
- 8.3.3 Conditions for use of selection approach
- + 8.3.4 Inputs to selection logic for respiratory...
- 8.3.4.1 Workplace aspects
- 8.3.4.2 Pandemic or equivalent circumstances
- 8.3.4.3 Micro-organism hazard level (H)
- + 8.3.5 Selection logic protocol
- Table 4. Summary of Decision Logic for Bioaero...
- + 8.3.6 Control banding method
- 8.3.6.1 General
- + 8.3.6.2 Generation band (G)
- Table 5. Description of Generation Band Levels...
- + 8.3.6.3 Exposure control band (C) selection
- Table 6. Assignment of Control (Ventilation) L...
- + 8.3.7 Respirator selection
- 8.3.7.1 Factors in selection
- + 8.3.7.2 Steps to determine respiratory protecti...
- Table 7. Summary of Steps in Respirator Select...
- Table 8. Combination of H, C and G levels to p...
- + 9 Respirator selection for healthcare workplace...
- 9.1 General
- + 9.2 Healthcare Facilities
- 9.2.1 General
- 9.2.2 Application
- 9.3 Risk analysis for healthcare facilities
- + 9.4 Respirator selection for healthcare workers...
- 9.4.1 Minimum general requirement except for ha...
- 9.4.2 Hazard level 4 micro-organism exposure
- 9.4.3 Sources of Information on Approved Respir...
- + 9.5 Summary steps in respirator selection for h...
- Table 9. Steps in Respirator Selection for Hea...
- + 9.6 Program guidance for healthcare facilities
- 9.6.1 Background
- 9.6.2 General
- + 9.6.3 Healthcare facility responsibility
- 9.6.3.1 Qualified person
- 9.6.3.2 Respiratory protection education and tr...
- 9.6.3.3 Fit testing
- 9.6.3.4 Fit and seal check training
- 9.6.3.5 Availability and access
- 9.6.3.6 Selection
- 9.6.3.7 Use, cleaning, storage and re-use
- 9.6.3.8 Alternatives to single-use-plastics (SU...
- 9.6.3.9 Reduction, re-use and recycling
- 9.6.3.10 Exemptions
- 9.6.3.11 Surgical masks
- + 10 Training
- + 10.1 Competencies
- 10.1.1 General
- 10.1.2 Respirator selection process
- 10.1.3 Respirator wearer screening and medical ...
- + 10.1.4 Fit testing
- 10.1.4.1 General qualifications
- 10.1.4.2 Specific qualifications for fit tester...
- + 10.1.5 Instruction
- 10.1.5.1 Care and practical use
- 10.1.5.2 Limitations
- 10.1.5.3 Repair and maintenance
- + 10.2 Provision of training
- 10.2.1 Qualified persons
- 10.2.2 Task-specific qualification
- 10.2.3 Role-specific training
- 10.2.4 Additional training
- + 10.3 Training records
- Table 10.
- + 11 Respirator fit testing
- + 11.1 General
- 11.1.1 Purpose
- 11.1.2 Tight-fitting respirator fit
- 11.1.3 Verification of respirator selection
- 11.1.4 Cleaning, sanitizing, and re-use of resp...
- 11.1.5 Cleaning, sanitizing and re-use of fit t...
- 11.1.6 When to perform a fit test
- 11.1.7 Pressure mode for tight-fitting respirat...
- + 11.2 Respirator interference and fit concerns
- + 11.2.1 General
- 11.2.1.1 Potential Interferences
- 11.2.1.2 Wearer accessibility
- + 11.2.2 Fit testing and interference-free requir...
- 11.2.2.1 Facial hair
- 11.2.2.2 Personal conditions and foreign materi...
- 11.2.2.3 Personal effects or accessories
- 11.2.2.4 Personal protective equipment (PPE) in...
- + 11.3 Pass criteria
- 11.3.1 Qualitative fit testing (QLFT) pass crit...
- 11.3.2 Quantitative fit testing (QNFT) pass cri...
- 11.3.3 Assigned protection factor (APF)
- + 11.4 Applicability of fit testing methods
- 11.4.1 QLFT
- 11.4.2 QNFT
- 11.4.3 APFs
- + 11.5 Fit test records
- Table 11. Applicable Qualitative fit test (QLF...
- Table 12. Applicable quantitative fit test (QNF...
- + 12 Use of respirators
- + 12.1 General
- 12.1.1 Wearer requirements
- 12.1.2 Detection of contaminant within respirat...
- + 12.1.3 Tight-fitting respirator seal with skin
- 12.1.3.1 Maintaining respirator seal
- 12.1.3.2 When a seal cannot be maintained
- 12.1.3.3 Dentures
- 12.1.3.4 Physical interferences with fit or ope...
- 12.1.3.5 Contact lenses
- 12.1.3.6 Additional equipment
- 12.1.3.7 Use of mouthpiece respirator
- 12.1.4 Wearer seal check of face-to-facepiece s...
- + 12.2 Change-out procedures, schedules, and serv...
- + 12.2.1 General
- 12.2.1.1 Change-out schedule
- 12.2.1.2 Service life
- + 12.2.2 Gas/vapour-removing cartridges or canist...
- 12.2.2.1 End of service life indicator (ESLI)
- 12.2.2.2 Change-out schedule
- + 12.2.2.3 Particulate filter change-out
- 12.2.2.3.1 General
- 12.2.2.3.2 Air flow
- 12.2.2.3.3 Oil
- 12.2.2.4 Combined particulate gas/vapour
- + 12.2.2.5 SCBA service time
- 12.2.2.5.1 Structural firefighting
- 12.2.2.5.2 Entry into an IDLH atmosphere
- 12.2.2.5.3 Escape from an IDLH atmosphere
- + 12.3 Breathable gas
- 12.3.1 Breathing air
- 12.3.2 Breathing oxygen
- + 12.4 Communications
- 12.4.1 Integrity of respirator face seal
- 12.4.2 Intrinsic safety
- 12.5 Buddy breathing
- + 12.6 Special requirements for general industria...
- 12.6.1 Use in high- and low-temperature environ...
- + 12.6.2 Use of respirators in IDLH atmospheres
- 12.6.2.1 Working in IDLH atmospheres
- 12.6.2.2 Additional requirements for specific t...
- 12.6.2.3 Emergency versus non-emergency use
- + 13 Cleaning, inspection, maintenance, and stora...
- + 13.1 General
- 13.1.1 Maintenance
- 13.1.2 Removal from service
- 13.2 Cleaning and sanitizing
- + 13.3 Inspection
- 13.3.1 General
- + 13.3.2 Inspection coverage
- 13.3.2.1 General inspection
- 13.3.2.2 Pressure gauges
- 13.3.2.3 Closed-circuit apparatus
- 13.3.2.4 Removal from service
- + 13.3.3 Inspection of SCBA cylinders
- + 13.3.3.1 General requirements for inspection of...
- 13.3.3.1.1 Standards for inspection
- 13.3.3.1.2 Composite cylinders
- 13.3.3.1.3 Steel and aluminum cylinders
- 13.3.3.1.4 External damage
- 13.3.3.1.5 Hydrostatic test date
- + 13.3.3.2 Special inspection requirements for em...
- 13.3.3.2.1 Schedule
- 13.3.3.2.2 Recordkeeping
- + 13.4 Repair and test
- 13.4.1 Oxygen-generating canisters
- 13.4.2 Repairs and reconditioning
- 13.4.3 Pressure-regulating system
- + 13.5 Storage
- 13.5.1 Protection from damaging agents
- 13.5.2 Protection from physical damage
- 13.5.3 Accessibility of respirators intended fo...
- + 13.5.4 Storage of cylinders not in current use
- 13.5.4.1 Pressure
- 13.5.4.2 Environment
- 13.5.4.3 Main valve
- + 13.5.5 Rotation of cylinders in current use
- 13.5.5.1 Tracking of use
- 13.5.5.2 Air change
- + 13.6 Hydrostatic testing and marking of SCBA cy...
- 13.6.1 General
- + 13.6.2 Hydrostatic test
- 13.6.2.1 Standards for hydrostatic testing
- 13.6.2.2 Reporting
- 13.6.2.3 Removal from service
- 13.6.2.4 Recordkeeping
- 13.6.3 Cylinder markings
- + 13.7 Filling of cylinders
- 13.7.1 Filling procedure
- 13.7.2 Fill pressure
- + 14 Health surveillance
- 14.1 Pre-screening of the wearer
- 14.2 Consulting a health-care professional on t...
- 14.3 Information for the healthcare professiona...
- 14.4 Contents of the opinion from the healthcar...
- 14.5 Recordkeeping
- + 15 Program evaluation
- 15.1 Respiratory protection program review
- 15.2 Elements of a review
- 15.3 Medical and biological monitoring review
- + 16 Recordkeeping
- + 16.1 General
- Table 13: Overview of record-keeping requireme...
- 16.2 Records of respirator fit testing
- 16.3 Records of training
- + 16.4 Records of inspection, maintenance, and st...
- 16.4.1 General
- 16.4.2 Inspection records for emergency-use SCB...
- 16.5 Records of health surveillance
- + Annex A. (informative) Wearer seal checks
- + A.1 Wearer negative-pressure seal check
- A.1.1 Applicability
- A.1.2 Procedure
- + A.2 Positive-pressure wearer seal check using t...
- A.2.1 Applicability
- A.2.2 Procedure
- + Annex B. (normative) Qualitative respirato...
- B.1 Acceptable QLFT methods
- + B.2 General
- B.2.1 Health and safety issues
- B.2.2 Introduction of QLFT to respirator wearer...
- + B.2.3 Facepiece selection and comfort assessmen...
- B.2.3.1 Initial facepiece selection
- B.2.3.2 Determining the most comfortable and fi...
- B.2.3.3 Comfort assessment conditions and crite...
- B.2.3.4 Comfort assessment movements
- B.2.3.5 Comfort assessment scoring
- B.2.3.6 Integrating equipment compatibility
- B.2.3.7 Individual wearer’s competency demonstr...
- B.2.3.8 Acceptable comfort validation question
- B.2.3.9 New selection and retesting
- B.2.4 Sensitivity screening test
- + B.2.5 Fit testing
- B.2.5.1 General
- B.2.5.2 Fit test exercises
- + B.3 Qualitative fit test (QLFT) protocols
- + B.3.1 Isoamyl acetate QLFT protocol
- B.3.1.1 General
- B.3.1.2 Isoamyl acetate odour threshold screeni...
- B.3.1.3 Isoamyl acetate odour threshold fit tes...
- + B.3.2 Saccharin solution aerosol QLFT protocol
- B.3.2.1 Test Conduct
- B.3.2.2 Saccharin taste threshold screening
- B.3.2.3 Saccharin solution aerosol QLFT protoco...
- + B.3.3 Bitter aerosol (denatonium benzoate) prot...
- B.3.3.1 General
- B.3.3.2 Bitter aerosol (denatonium benzoate) ta...
- B.3.3.3 Bitter aerosol (denatonium benzoate) QL...
- + B.3.4 Irritant smoke (stannic chloride) QLFT pr...
- + B.3.4.1 Health and safety issues
- B.3.4.1.1 Exposure to irritants
- B.3.4.1.2 Seal check
- B.3.4.1.3 Protocol
- B.3.4.2 Preparation of the QLFT stannic chlorid...
- B.3.4.3 Sensitivity screening test
- B.3.4.4 Respirator selection
- + B.3.4.5 Fit test — General
- B.3.4.5.1 Type of respirator being tested
- B.3.4.5.2 Procedure
- B.3.4.5.3 Exercises
- B.3.4.5.4 Detection of irritant by the wearer
- B.3.4.5.5 Repeat of sensitivity screening
- + Annex C. (normative) Quantitative respirat...
- C.1 Acceptable QNFT methods
- + C.2 General
- C.2.1 Employer responsibilities
- C.2.2 Introduction of QNFT to respirator wearer...
- + C.2.3 Facepiece selection and comfort assessmen...
- C.2.3.1 Initial facepiece selection
- C.2.3.2 Determining the most comfortable and fi...
- C.2.3.3 Comfort assessment conditions and crite...
- C.2.3.4 Comfort assessment movements
- C.2.3.5 Comfort assessment scoring
- C.2.3.6 Integrating equipment compatibility
- C.2.3.7 Individual wearer’s competency demonstr...
- C.2.3.8 Acceptable comfort validation question
- C.2.3.9 New selection and retesting
- C.2.3.10 Removal of sampling adaptors and retur...
- C.2.3.11 Prohibition against workplace use of p...
- + C.3 Generated aerosol photometer QNFT procedure...
- C.3.1 Operating principles
- C.3.2 Equipment needed
- C.3.3 Equipment setup
- C.3.4 Performing the fit test
- C.3.5 Interpretation of results
- + C.4 Ambient Aerosol (AA) Condensation Nuclei Co...
- C.4.1 Operating principles
- C.4.2 Equipment needed
- C.4.3 Diagnostic checks
- C.4.4 Preparation for fit testing
- + C.4.5 Fit testing Protocols
- + C.4.5.1 C.4.5.1 Original Condensation Nuclei Co...
- Table 14: Original Condensation Nuclei Counter...
- + C.4.5.2 Modified Ambient Aerosol Condensation N...
- Table 15: Modified full and half-facepiece CNC...
- + C.4.5.3 Modified Ambient Aerosol Condensation N...
- Table 16: Modified filtering facepiece respira...
- C.4.6 Interpretation of results
- + C.5 Controlled negative-pressure (CNP) QNFT pro...
- C.5.1 Operating principle
- C.5.2 Equipment needed
- C.5.3 System calibration and operational checks...
- C.5.4 Preparation for fit testing
- C.5.5 Fit tests
- + C.5.6 CNP Redon test exercises
- Table 17. CNP Redon Quantitative Fit Testing P...
- C.5.7 Interpretation of CNP test results
- + Annex D. (informative) Use of SCBA in low-...
- + D.1 Dew point and compressed breathing air
- D.1.1 Definition
- D.1.2 Example
- D.1.3 Condensation
- D.1.4 Minimum operating temperature of SCBA
- D.1.5 Low dew point air
- + D.1.6 Atmospheric dew point
- D.1.6.1 Use of dew point table
- + D.1.6.2 Example
- Table D.1
- + D.2 Regulator malfunction
- D.2.1 Regular freeze-up at low temperatures
- D.2.2 Storage
- + D.3 Facepiece and breathing tube
- D.3.1 Elastomeric parts
- D.3.2 Metal parts
- D.3.3 Fogging
- D.3.4 Exhalation valve freeze-up
- D.3.5 Harnesses and belts
- D.3.6 Audible alarms
- D.4 Pressure demand
- D.5 Compressed air cylinder pressure
- D.6 Inspection of SCBA after use
- + Annex E. (informative) Health surveillance...
- E.1 General
- + E.2 References
- Figure E.1
- + Annex F. (informative) Procedures for clea...
- F.1 General
- F.2 Procedure for Cleaning Respirators in the a...
- + Annex G. (informative) Respirator classifi...
- G.1 Respirator grouping
- + G.2 Atmosphere-supplying respirators
- + G.2.1 General
- G.2.1.1 Characteristics
- G.2.1.2 Limitations
- + G.2.2 SCBA, open-circuit
- + G.2.2.1 General
- G.2.2.1.1 Characteristics
- G.2.2.1.2 Limitations
- + G.2.2.2 SCBA, closed-circuit
- G.2.2.2.1 Characteristics
- G.2.2.2.2 Limitations
- + G.2.3 Air-line respirators
- G.2.3.1 Characteristics
- G.2.3.2 Limitations
- + G.2.4 Multi-functional atmosphere-supplying res...
- G.2.4.1 Characteristics
- G.2.4.2 Limitations
- + G.3 Air-purifying respirators
- + G.3.1 General
- G.3.1.1 Characteristics
- G.3.1.2 Limitations
- + G.3.2 Vapour- and gas-removing respirators
- G.3.2.1 Characteristics
- G.3.2.2 Limitations
- + G.3.3 Particulate-removing respirators
- + G.3.3.1 Characteristics
- G.3.3.1.1 General
- G.3.3.1.2 Particulate filters for non-powered r...
- G.3.3.1.3 Particulate filters for powered air-p...
- G.3.3.1.4 Respiratory interface
- G.3.3.2 Limitations
- + G.3.4 Combined gas, vapour and particulate-remo...
- G.3.4.1 Characteristics
- G.3.4.2 Limitations
- + G.3.5 Multi-functional air-purifying respirator...
- G.3.5.1 Characteristics
- G.3.5.2 Limitations
- + G.4 Combination atmosphere-supplying and air-pu...
- G.4.1 Characteristics
- G.4.2 Limitations
- + G.5 Escape-only self-rescue respirators
- G.5.1 Characteristics
- G.5.2 Limitations
- + G.6 Supplied-air suits
- G.6.1 Characteristics
- G.6.2 Limitations
- + Annex H. (informative) Reduced oxygen conc...
- + H.1 Reduced oxygen concentration (hypoxia)
- H.1.1 General
- H.1.2 Arterial hypoxia
- H.1.3 Anaemic hypoxia (hypoxemia)
- H.1.4 Histotoxic hypoxia
- H.2 Minimal oxygen content
- H.3 Hypoxia IDLH
- + H.4 Effects of oxygen deficiency
- Table H.1
- + Annex I. (informative) Buddy breathing
- I.1 Excerpt from NFPA 1500-2007, Standard on Fi...
- Annex J. (informative) Checklist of compe...
- + Annex K. (informative)
- K.1 Scenario 1: Mould remediation
- K.2 Scenario 2: Personnel assigned to animal ca...
- K.3 Scenario 3: Poultry processing plant, regul...
- K.4 Scenario 4: Peat moss packaging
- K.5 Scenario 5: Cleaning of rodent infestation ...
- K.6 Scenario 6: Histoplasmosis (Histoplasma cap...
- K.7 Scenario 7: Histoplasmosis (Histoplasma cap...
- K.8 Scenario 8: Livestock, dairy & poultry farm...
- K.9 Scenario 9: Waste & recycling centre - Regi...
- K.10 Scenario 10: Commercial air-line - Cabin c...
- K.11 Scenario 11: Emergency Department - Person...
- K.12 Scenario 12: Homecare – Healthcare Worker ...
- K.13 Scenario 13: Inactive Patient with Haemorr...
- + Annex L. (informative) Classification of m...
- L.1 Additional references
- + Annex M. (informative) Bioaerosol concentra...
- + M.1 Introduction
- Table M.1
- + Annex N. (informative) Persistence of bact...
- N.1 Introduction
- N.2 Reference Sources
- Annex O. (informative) Illustrations of ac...
- + Annex P. (informative) Employer strategies...
- P.1 Introduction
- P.2 Accessibility requirements
- P.3 Barriers to respirator accessibility
- P.4 Employer considerations for accommodations
- + Annex Q. (informative) Example respirator ...
- Q.1 Fit Testing Process
1.1 Scope of the standard
This Standard sets out requirements for the selection, use, and care of respirators and for the administration of an effective respiratory protection program in the workplace.
1.2 Outside of scope for the purpose of selection
This Standard is not intended to address the selection of:
a) respirators for aircraft oxygen systems;
b) supplied-air or ventilated suits;
c) respirators for investigating and dismantling clandestine synthetic drug laboratories (CDLs) and marijuana grow operations (MGOs) (see CAN/CGSB/CSA-Z1640-18); or
d) respirators for protection against radiological contaminants.
This Standard applies to all other aspects of a respiratory protection program for these respirators, excluding Clauses 8 and 9.
1.3 Outside of scope for selection, requirements, and use
This Standard is not intended to address the selection, requirements, and use of:
a) underwater breathing devices (see CSA Z275.2);
b) inhalators and resuscitators; or
c) respiratory protection for first responders during CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear) events (see CAN/CGSB/CSA-Z1610; Clauses of CSA Z94.4 may be referenced within).
1.4 Units of measurement
The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.
1.5 Application of language in the Standard
In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.
Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.
Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.
Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.
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