Draft Details
- Biomass supply chain risk (New Edition)
- DRAFT STANDARD
- Legal Notice for Draft Standards
- Preface
- Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Foreword
- + 0 Introduction
- 0.1 General
- 0.2 Application
- + 1 Scope
- 1.1
- 1.2
- 2 Reference publications
- + 3 Definitions and abbreviations
- 3.1 Definitions
- 3.2 Abbreviations
- + 4 Category 1 — Supplier risk
- + 4.1 Risk factor: credit-worthiness/problematic ...
- + 4.1.1 Financial statements, relative size, liti...
- 4.1.1.1 General
- 4.1.1.2 Understanding a supplier’s relative fin...
- 4.1.1.3 Understanding previous litigation and i...
- + 4.1.2 Longevity and history of supplier perform...
- 4.1.2.1 General
- 4.1.2.2 Understanding supplier performance
- + 4.1.3 Production capacity
- 4.1.3.1 General
- 4.1.3.2 Understanding of supplier’s monthly and...
- 4.1.3.3 Understanding supplier’s commitment
- 4.1.3.4 Understanding of equipment and infrastr...
- + 4.2 Risk factor: supplier obligations
- + 4.2.1 Contract price vs. market price
- 4.2.1.1 General
- 4.2.1.2 Understanding contract price
- + 4.2.2 Atypical feedstock specifications
- 4.2.2.1 General
- 4.2.2.2 Understanding the feedstock currently p...
- 4.2.2.3 Understanding the supply of atypical fe...
- 4.2.2.4 Understanding the proportion of quantit...
- 4.2.2.5 Understanding atypical feedstock specif...
- + 4.2.3 Favourability of payment terms
- 4.2.3.1 General
- 4.2.3.2 Understanding standards terms in the ma...
- + 4.2.4 Favourability of delivery terms
- 4.2.4.1 General
- 4.2.4.2 Understanding delivery terms offered by...
- + 4.2.5 Contract length
- 4.2.5.1 General
- 4.2.5.2 Long-term contracts
- 4.2.5.3 Short-term contracts
- 4.2.5.4 Autorenewals
- 4.2.5.5 Situations with no long- or short-term ...
- + 4.2.6 Clarity of sample testing methods
- 4.2.6.1 General
- 4.2.6.2 Parameters to define in contract
- 4.2.6.3 Use of standardized protocols or method...
- 4.2.6.4 Sample control and testing
- 4.2.6.5 Timing between sampling and testing
- + 4.2.7 Accuracy/suitability of price indices
- 4.2.7.1 General
- 4.2.7.2 Price indices to reflect feedstock cost...
- 4.2.7.3 Price indices to reflect feedstock type...
- 4.2.7.4 Price indices to reflect supply basin g...
- 4.2.7.5 Granularity of data
- + 4.2.8 Quantity and quality optionality
- 4.2.8.1 General
- 4.2.8.2 Frequency
- 4.2.8.3 Variances
- 4.2.8.4 Delivered monthly quantities of feedsto...
- + 4.2.9 Damage and recourse clauses
- 4.2.9.1 General
- 4.2.9.2 Stating damage clauses
- 4.2.9.3 Lack of specific damage clause
- + 4.2.10 Flexibility in feedstock supply quantity...
- 4.2.10.1 General
- 4.2.10.2 Natural and reasonable variation in fe...
- 4.2.10.3 Contracts that allow for a range of qu...
- + 4.2.11 Sliding scales driving feedstock quality...
- 4.2.11.1 General
- 4.2.11.2 Incorporating sliding scales
- + 4.2.12 Insurance policies
- 4.2.12.1 General
- 4.2.12.2 Certificate of insurance
- 4.2.12.3 Clauses to include in supply agreement...
- 4.2.12.4 Commercial general liability insurance...
- + 4.2.13 Assignment, successors, and assigns
- 4.2.13.1 General
- 4.2.13.2 Clauses to include in supply agreement...
- + 4.2.14 Compliance with laws
- 4.2.14.1 General
- 4.2.14.2 Specifications in contracts
- + 4.2.15 Warranties
- 4.2.15.1 General
- 4.2.15.2 Clauses to include in warranties
- 4.2.15.3 Inclusion of defection clause
- + 4.2.16 Determination of force majeure events
- 4.2.16.1 General
- 4.2.16.2 Inclusion of non-standard terms
- + 4.2.17 Conflict of interest
- 4.2.17.1 General
- 4.2.17.2 Inclusion of conflict of interest clau...
- + 4.3 Risk factor: supply inventory
- + 4.3.1 Supplier inventory as mitigation of suppl...
- 4.3.1.1 General
- 4.3.1.2 Understanding supplier’s inventory
- 4.3.1.3 Understanding seasonal variability
- + 4.3.2 Quality risks relating to supplier’s inve...
- 4.3.2.1 General
- 4.3.2.2 Understanding impacts of storage time a...
- 4.3.2.3 Understanding potential impacts of cros...
- 4.3.2.4 Maintenance of quality in supplier’s in...
- + 4.4 Risk factor: conflicts of interest/vested i...
- + 4.4.1 Supplier’s dependence on, or preference f...
- 4.4.1.1 General
- 4.4.1.2 Understanding competing markets
- 4.4.1.3 Understanding risks of supplier partaki...
- 4.4.1.4 Understanding supplier’s relationship w...
- + 4.4.2 Supplier as a competitor
- 4.4.2.1 General
- 4.4.2.2 Determining if supplier is a competitor...
- + 4.5 Risk factor: supplier control over producti...
- + 4.5.1 Ownership of land tenure/means of product...
- 4.5.1.1 General
- 4.5.1.2 Understanding ownership
- + 4.5.2 Ownership of equipment
- 4.5.2.1 General
- 4.5.2.2 Understanding ownership of equipment
- 4.5.2.3 Precedence for the use of a third party...
- + 4.5.3 Ownership of transportation/logistics
- 4.5.3.1 General
- 4.5.3.2 Understanding the risk of using third-p...
- 4.5.3.3 Precedent for the use of a third party’...
- + 4.5.4 Supplier as an aggregator or broker
- 4.5.4.1 General
- 4.5.4.2 Understanding intermediary’s sources of...
- 4.5.4.3 Understanding intermediary’s control ov...
- 4.5.4.4 Understanding how the intermediary can ...
- 4.5.4.5 Understanding how the intermediaries ca...
- 4.5.4.6 Chain of title and ABC risk
- + 4.5.5 Feedstock as a secondary transformation
- 4.5.5.1 General
- 4.5.5.2 Understanding the relationship between ...
- 4.5.5.3 Understanding historical and projected ...
- 4.5.5.4 Understanding sensitivity to demand flu...
- + 4.6 Risk factor: distance from the proponent
- + 4.6.1 Distance from the proponent
- 4.6.1.1 General
- 4.6.1.2 Understanding maximum economic distance...
- 4.6.1.3 Understanding geographical limits of su...
- 4.6.1.4 Understanding the supplier’s distance w...
- + 4.7 Risk factor: supplier’s experience
- + 4.7.1 Fundamental feedstock production experien...
- 4.7.1.1 General
- 4.7.1.2 Where suppliers are inexperienced with ...
- 4.7.1.3 Outsourcing
- + 4.7.2 Production scale experience
- 4.7.2.1 General
- 4.7.2.2 Understanding of whether supplier commi...
- + 4.8 Risk factor: supplier harvesting/collection...
- + 4.8.1 Supplier’s equipment efficiency
- 4.8.1.1 General
- 4.8.1.2 Understanding of the supplier’s equipme...
- + 4.9 Risk factor: supplier primary interest
- + 4.9.1 Feedstock production priority
- 4.9.1.1 General
- 4.9.1.2 Relative importance of contracted feeds...
- 4.9.1.3 Understanding and modelling the harvest...
- + 4.10 Risk factor: human resource impacts
- + 4.10.1 Planning for human resource related even...
- 4.10.1.1 General
- 4.10.1.2 Understanding supplier’s organizationa...
- 4.10.1.3 Small supplier operations /dependent o...
- + 5 Category 2 — Competitor risk
- + 5.1 Risk factor: competitor influence on the fe...
- + 5.1.1 Competitor locations and geographical inf...
- 5.1.1.1 General
- 5.1.1.2 Understanding the competitor’s location...
- + 5.1.2 Historical fluctuation of quantity used
- 5.1.2.1 General
- 5.1.2.2 Understanding of current key competitor...
- 5.1.2.3 Understanding of current key competitor...
- 5.1.2.4 Understanding of historical utilization...
- + 5.1.3 Competitor pricing and price sensitivity
- 5.1.3.1 General
- 5.1.3.2 Understanding the current price paid by...
- 5.1.3.3 Understanding the historical price paid...
- 5.1.3.4 Understanding the market for competitor...
- 5.1.3.5 Understanding the current price paid by...
- 5.1.3.6 Understanding competitors’ sensitivity ...
- 5.1.3.7 Understanding the competitor’s track re...
- 5.1.3.8 Understanding payment terms
- 5.1.3.9 Understanding payment history
- + 5.1.4 Impacts of future demand on feedstock ava...
- 5.1.4.1 General
- 5.1.4.2 Understanding the forecasted new demand...
- 5.1.4.3 Understanding the non-forecasted but po...
- 5.1.4.4 Understanding conditions of competitor ...
- + 5.1.5 Supply influence of competitor
- 5.1.5.1 General
- 5.1.5.2 Understanding the proportion of supply ...
- 5.1.5.3 Understanding historical occurrences wh...
- + 5.1.6 Temporary market-driven markets
- 5.1.6.1 General
- 5.1.6.2 Alternative, non-traditional and market...
- + 5.2 Risk factor: competitors’ competitive advan...
- + 5.2.1 Relative inventory capacity
- 5.2.1.1 General
- 5.2.1.2 Understanding the quantities of feedsto...
- 5.2.1.3 Understanding the competitive advantage...
- + 5.2.2 Relative accessibility/delivery hours and...
- 5.2.2.1 General
- 5.2.2.2 Assessing discharge hours of key compet...
- 5.2.2.3 Assessing average and maximum wait time...
- 5.2.2.4 Assessing potential accessibility issue...
- + 5.2.3 Relative specification advantages
- 5.2.3.1 General
- 5.2.3.2 Understanding the specifications for ea...
- + 5.2.4 Demand for competitors’ products
- 5.2.4.1 General
- 5.2.4.2 Understanding the market for competitor...
- + 6 Category 3 — Supply chain risk
- + 6.1 Risk factor: feedstock availability
- + 6.1.1 Biomass availability multiple (BAM)
- 6.1.1.1 General
- 6.1.1.2 Understanding the BAM
- 6.1.1.3 If more than one feedstock type is used...
- 6.1.1.4 Calculation of BAM — Accessible feedsto...
- 6.1.1.5 Calculation of BAM — Economically feasi...
- 6.1.1.6 Calculation of BAM — Feedstock availabi...
- 6.1.1.7 Calculation of BAM — Quality of feedsto...
- 6.1.1.8 Calculation of BAM — Geographical resol...
- 6.1.1.9 Demonstrated BAM
- + 6.1.2 Impact of increased utilization of feedst...
- 6.1.2.1 General
- 6.1.2.2 Increased feedstock utilization scenari...
- 6.1.2.3 Modelled demand scenarios
- 6.1.2.4 If feedstock is a secondary transformat...
- 6.1.2.5 Potential increase in feedstock product...
- + 6.1.3 Feedstock supply curve/marginal cost curv...
- 6.1.3.1 General
- 6.1.3.2 Effect of competitors on net availabili...
- 6.1.3.3 Developing a supply curve
- 6.1.3.4 Multiple feedstock types
- 6.1.3.5 Incorporating realistic quantities
- 6.1.3.6 Reflecting economically feasible pricin...
- 6.1.3.7 Reflecting feedstock that is available ...
- 6.1.3.8 Quality of redundant feedstock used in ...
- 6.1.3.9 Assessing economic burden of procuring ...
- + 6.1.4 Seasonal feedstock supply variation
- 6.1.4.1 General
- 6.1.4.2 Understanding of seasonal feedstock sup...
- 6.1.4.3 Mitigation plan to lower the risk of se...
- + 6.1.5 Year-to-year variation in feedstock avail...
- 6.1.5.1 General
- 6.1.5.2 Projected year-to-year feedstock supply...
- 6.1.5.3 Estimates of year-to-year supply variat...
- 6.1.5.4 Agricultural biomass yield variability
- 6.1.5.5 Woody biomass yield variability
- + 6.1.6 Double-counting feedstock
- 6.1.6.1 General
- 6.1.6.2 Sources of feedstock for brokers, inter...
- + 6.1.7 Front-end validation of data used in feed...
- 6.1.7.1 General
- 6.1.7.2 Data behind feedstock supply models
- 6.1.7.3 Samples of data underlying feedstock su...
- 6.1.7.4 Validating primary data
- + 6.2 Risk factor: historical issues
- + 6.2.1 Historical feedstock price variations and...
- 6.2.1.1 General
- 6.2.1.2 Red-line feedstock cost
- 6.2.1.3 Drivers of historical feedstock price v...
- 6.2.1.4 Probability and impact of price drivers...
- 6.2.1.5 Comparing “red-line” feedstock cost wit...
- 6.2.1.6 Expected bounds of feedstock cost over ...
- 6.2.1.7 Difference between the red-line cost an...
- 6.2.1.8 Difference between the current market p...
- 6.2.1.9 Feedstock cost margin versus that of ma...
- + 6.2.2 Low historical demand for feedstock in th...
- 6.2.2.1 General
- 6.2.2.2 Understanding historical feedstock prod...
- + 6.2.3 Supplier history of feedstock production ...
- 6.2.3.1 General
- 6.2.3.2 Determining primary product/crop produc...
- 6.2.3.3 Demonstrate understanding of the market...
- + 6.3 Risk factor: non-weather based externalitie...
- + 6.3.1 Diesel, oil, and producer price index (PP...
- 6.3.1.1 General
- 6.3.1.2 Feedstock price risk relating to diesel...
- + 6.3.2 Currency risk
- 6.3.2.1 General
- 6.3.2.2 Proportion of the proponent’s feedstock...
- 6.3.2.3 Important cross-border suppliers
- 6.3.2.4 Impact of reasonable exchange fluctuati...
- + 6.3.3 Border risk
- 6.3.3.1 General
- 6.3.3.2 Proportion of the proponent’s feedstock...
- 6.3.3.3 Proportion of the proponent’s feedstock...
- 6.3.3.4 Important cross-border suppliers
- 6.3.3.5 Impact of border delays/shutdown on fee...
- + 6.3.4 Temporary externality-driven markets for ...
- 6.3.4.1 General
- 6.3.4.2 Alternative, non-traditional, and exter...
- 6.3.4.3 Impacts of pandemics or other similar e...
- + 6.4 Risk factor: risks related to feedstock pro...
- + 6.4.1 Harvest and collection practices and sche...
- 6.4.1.1 General
- 6.4.1.2 Understanding of feedstock harvest prac...
- 6.4.1.3 Understanding of weather risk and its i...
- 6.4.1.4 Understanding of any potential public b...
- 6.4.1.5 Harvesting schedule and the proponent’s...
- + 6.4.2 Harvesting and collection equipment
- 6.4.2.1 General
- 6.4.2.2 Understanding of equipment requirements...
- 6.4.2.3 Understanding of equipment variety in t...
- + 6.4.3 Variation in densification methods among ...
- 6.4.3.1 General
- 6.4.3.2 Understanding the impacts of different ...
- + 6.4.4 Availability of labour for feedstock prod...
- 6.4.4.1 General
- 6.4.4.2 Understanding of labour requirements ne...
- + 6.5 Risk factor: transportation
- + 6.5.1 Feedstock transportation costs
- 6.5.1.1 General
- 6.5.1.2 Understanding the average transportatio...
- 6.5.1.3 Understanding the percentage of total (...
- 6.5.1.4 Understanding the feedstock cost in rel...
- 6.5.1.5 Understanding the forecasted transporta...
- 6.5.1.6 Mitigation plan for escalating transpor...
- + 6.5.2 Transportation distances
- 6.5.2.1 General
- 6.5.2.2 Understanding the average transport dis...
- 6.5.2.3 Understanding the transport distance fr...
- 6.5.2.4 Optimal transport distance
- + 6.5.3 Diesel
- 6.5.3.1 General
- 6.5.3.2 Impact of realistic variations in diese...
- 6.5.3.3 Long-term supplier contracts
- + 6.5.4 Transport of feedstock requiring speciali...
- 6.5.4.1 General
- 6.5.4.2 Understanding dependence on specialized...
- 6.5.4.3 Low redundancy of required transportati...
- + 6.5.5 Delivery routes through local communities...
- 6.5.5.1 General
- 6.5.5.2 Understanding feedstock transportation ...
- 6.5.5.3 Assessment of feedstock transportation ...
- 6.5.5.4 Where the risk of community backlash is...
- + 6.5.6 Transportation regulations and load weigh...
- 6.5.6.1 General
- 6.5.6.2 Understanding of relevant feedstock tra...
- 6.5.6.3 Where feedstock transportation restrict...
- + 6.5.7 Road infrastructure
- 6.5.7.1 General
- 6.5.7.2 Understanding transport supply routes a...
- + 6.5.8 Backhauls
- 6.5.8.1 General
- 6.5.8.2 Understanding the degree to which feeds...
- + 6.5.9 Transportation redundancy
- 6.5.9.1 General
- 6.5.9.2 Understanding transportation redundancy...
- 6.5.9.3 Mitigation plan
- + 6.6 Risk factor: supply chain resilience
- + 6.6.1 Number, size mix, and locations of suppli...
- 6.6.1.1 General
- 6.6.1.2 Understanding the minimum number of fee...
- 6.6.1.3 Understanding the maximum proportion of...
- 6.6.1.4 Understanding the optimal number of sma...
- 6.6.1.5 Understanding of the impact of geograph...
- + 6.6.2 Suppliers subject to same external risk f...
- 6.6.2.1 General
- 6.6.2.2 Understanding the set of common risks t...
- 6.6.2.3 Understanding of the factors that mitig...
- 6.6.2.4 Understanding the proportion of supplie...
- 6.6.2.5 Understanding of the maintenance of sui...
- + 6.6.3 Land ownership structures
- 6.6.3.1 General
- 6.6.3.2 Understanding of land ownership structu...
- 6.6.3.3 Understanding of the impact of land own...
- + 6.7 Risk factor: climate and weather risks
- + 6.7.1 Seasonal weather impacts on feedstock sup...
- 6.7.1.1 General
- 6.7.1.2 Understanding of weather patterns in th...
- 6.7.1.3 High risk of feedstock shortage due to ...
- 6.7.1.4 Forecasting and propagation models
- + 6.7.2 Long-term weather and climate trends
- 6.7.2.1 General
- 6.7.2.2 Assessment of the impact of future weat...
- 6.7.2.3 Climate change mitigation plan
- + 6.7.3 Forest/crop fire
- 6.7.3.1 General
- 6.7.3.2 Understanding of forest/crop fire risk ...
- 6.7.3.3 Mitigation plan to minimize forest/crop...
- + 6.7.4 Risk of infestation or disease
- 6.7.4.1 General
- 6.7.4.2 Historical occurrences of infestation o...
- 6.7.4.3 Future risk and impact of infestation
- + 6.7.5 Risk of hail
- 6.7.5.1 General
- 6.7.5.2 Understanding of hail risk and its pote...
- 6.7.5.3 Mitigation plan
- + 6.7.6 Risk of flood
- 6.7.6.1 General
- 6.7.6.2 Understanding flood risk and its potent...
- 6.7.6.3 Mitigation plan
- 6.7.6.4 Feedstock reliance on levees to mitigat...
- 6.7.6.5 Significant flood risk
- + 6.7.7 Risk of drought
- 6.7.7.1 General
- 6.7.7.2 Understanding drought risk and its pote...
- 6.7.7.3 Mitigation plan
- 6.7.7.4 Drought insurance
- + 6.7.8 Risk of hurricanes, tornadoes, and strong...
- 6.7.8.1 General
- 6.7.8.2 Understanding of the hurricane, tornado...
- 6.7.8.3 Where risk of hurricane, tornado, or st...
- 6.7.8.4 Hurricane insurance
- + 6.7.9 Low temperatures
- 6.7.9.1 General
- 6.7.9.2 Understanding of low temperature risk a...
- 6.7.9.3 Mitigation plan
- 6.7.9.4 Crop insurance
- + 6.8 Risk factor: political and social
- + 6.8.1 Government subsidies for feedstock produc...
- 6.8.1.1 General
- 6.8.1.2 Government subsidies that directly rela...
- 6.8.1.3 Risk of removal of such subsidies on fe...
- 6.8.1.4 In case of existing feedstock subsidies...
- + 6.8.2 Local, sub-national, and national laws, r...
- 6.8.2.1 General
- 6.8.2.2 Direct feedstock supply dependencies on...
- 6.8.2.3 Risk of change of such laws, regulation...
- 6.8.2.3.1 General
- 6.8.2.3.2 Forest harvesting
- 6.8.2.3.3 Air quality/emissions
- 6.8.2.3.4 Land-use change regulations
- 6.8.2.3.5 Traffic, noise, odour, and dust
- 6.8.2.3.6 Wildlife regulations
- 6.8.2.4 Risk of ability to obtain necessary per...
- + 6.8.3 Backlash against biomass development, pro...
- 6.8.3.1 General
- 6.8.3.2 Potential backlash against biomass deve...
- 6.8.3.3 Mitigation and communications plan
- + 6.8.4 Consent of, and co-operation with Indigen...
- 6.8.4.1 General
- 6.8.4.2 Understanding of any potential conflict...
- 6.8.4.3 Feedstock procurement from Indigenous l...
- + 6.8.5 Food security concerns
- 6.8.5.1 General
- 6.8.5.2 Understanding potential public backlash...
- 6.8.5.3 Mitigation plan
- + 6.9 Risk factor: sustainability and environment...
- + 6.9.1 Feedstock sustainability
- 6.9.1.1 General
- 6.9.1.2 Understanding of biomass feedstock sust...
- + 6.9.2 Risk to soil and site quality
- 6.9.2.1 General
- 6.9.2.2 Understanding of the impacts of the rem...
- 6.9.2.3 Understanding of the proportion of biom...
- + 6.9.3 Risk to surface and ground water
- 6.9.3.1 General
- 6.9.3.2 Effects on aquatic systems
- 6.9.3.3 Risk of negative effects on aquatic sys...
- + 6.9.4 Water use
- 6.9.4.1 General
- 6.9.4.2 Understanding of potential issues relat...
- 6.9.4.3 Water management plan
- + 6.9.5 Pesticide risk to human and ecosystem hea...
- 6.9.5.1 General
- 6.9.5.2 Understanding of pesticide use in feeds...
- 6.9.5.3 Mitigation plan
- + 6.9.6 Risk to biodiversity
- 6.9.6.1 General
- 6.9.6.2 Negative effects on biodiversity
- 6.9.6.3 Mitigation plan
- + 6.9.7 Biomass classified as a genetically modif...
- 6.9.7.1 General
- 6.9.7.2 Understanding of risks of GMO feedstock...
- 6.9.7.3 Development of a GMO risk management pl...
- + 6.10 Risk factor: greenhouse gas (GHG) measurem...
- + 6.10.1 GHG emissions from production, harvest, ...
- 6.10.1.1 General
- 6.10.1.2 Assessing risk associated with GHG foo...
- 6.10.1.3 Reliance on carbon incentives
- 6.10.1.4 Quantifying GHG emissions
- 6.10.1.5 Opportunities for optimized harvesting...
- + 6.10.2 Political and regulatory uncertainty rel...
- 6.10.2.1 General
- 6.10.2.2 Evaluating and estimating all politica...
- 6.10.2.3 Mitigating the impacts of external GHG...
- + 6.10.3 GHG accounting methods
- 6.10.3.1 General
- 6.10.3.2 Quantifying GHG emissions
- + 7 Category 4 — Feedstock quality
- + 7.1 Risk factor: feedstock quality
- + 7.1.1 Consistency of feedstock quality requirem...
- 7.1.1.1 General
- 7.1.1.2 Feedstock specification
- 7.1.1.3 Atypical feedstock specifications
- + 7.1.2 Densification and pre-processing
- 7.1.2.1 General
- 7.1.2.2 Type of pre-processing and densificatio...
- 7.1.2.3 Verifying steady operation of all steps...
- 7.1.2.4 Identifying bounds of variability of ke...
- 7.1.2.5 Ratio of densified or pre-processed fee...
- + 7.1.3 Feedstock degradation
- 7.1.3.1 General
- 7.1.3.2 Understanding dry matter losses in feed...
- 7.1.3.3 Feedstock is stored at the suppliers’ o...
- 7.1.3.4 Feedstock is stored at the suppliers’ o...
- + 7.1.4 Quality measurement methods
- 7.1.4.1 General
- 7.1.4.2 Feedstock quality sampling and measurem...
- 7.1.4.3 Suppliers’ acceptance of sampling and m...
- + 7.1.5 Geographic location influence on feedstoc...
- 7.1.5.1 General
- 7.1.5.2 Understanding of geographic regions fro...
- + 7.2 Risk factor: specific feedstock quality var...
- + 7.2.1 Variability in moisture content
- 7.2.1.1 General
- 7.2.1.2 Understanding the moisture content vari...
- 7.2.1.3 Understanding the factors that influenc...
- 7.2.1.4 Understanding the mitigation strategies...
- + 7.2.2 Variability in ash content
- 7.2.2.1 General
- 7.2.2.2 Understanding the typical ash content v...
- 7.2.2.3 Understanding of the factors that influ...
- 7.2.2.4 Understanding of the mitigation strateg...
- + 7.2.3 Variability in particle size
- 7.2.3.1 General
- 7.2.3.2 Understanding of size variation typical...
- 7.2.3.3 Understanding of factors that influence...
- 7.2.3.4 Understanding mitigation strategies to ...
- + 7.2.4 Variability in chemical content
- 7.2.4.1 General
- 7.2.4.2 Understanding the chemical content vari...
- 7.2.4.3 Understanding the factors that influenc...
- 7.2.4.4 Understanding the mitigation strategies...
- + 7.2.5 Feedstock bale density
- 7.2.5.1 General
- 7.2.5.2 Risks related to feedstock bale density...
- 7.2.5.3 Availability of feedstock at optimal ba...
- + 8 Category 5 — Feedstock scale-up risk
- + 8.1 Risk factor: feedstock scale-up
- + 8.1.1 Feedstock quality at production scale
- 8.1.1.1 General
- 8.1.1.2 Lab and field tests
- + 8.1.2 Capacity of supply chain components and i...
- 8.1.2.1 General
- 8.1.2.2 Throughput rates and efficiencies of ea...
- 8.1.2.3 Necessary underlying infrastructure com...
- 8.1.2.4 Optimized plant size and design
- + 8.1.3 Role of densification and pre-processing
- 8.1.3.1 General
- 8.1.3.2 Type of pre-processing and densificatio...
- 8.1.3.3 Verify steady operation
- 8.1.3.4 Bounds of variability of key quality sp...
- 8.1.3.5 Ratio of densified or pre-processed fee...
- + 8.1.4 Lab-scale, pilot-scale, and field scale t...
- 8.1.4.1 General
- 8.1.4.2 Results of lab-scale testing
- 8.1.4.3 Results of pilot-scale testing
- 8.1.4.4 Results of field-scale testing
- + 8.1.5 Facility start-up delays
- 8.1.5.1 General
- 8.1.5.2 Significant delay in start-up
- + 9 Category 6 — Internal organizational risks
- + 9.1 Risk factor: on-site inventory
- + 9.1.1 Feedstock inventory days
- 9.1.1.1 General
- 9.1.1.2 Schedule showing monthly feedstock inve...
- 9.1.1.3 Analysis detailing historical availabil...
- 9.1.1.4 Sensitivity modelling to anticipated di...
- 9.1.1.5 Inventory capacity
- + 9.1.2 Inventory degradation and contamination
- 9.1.2.1 General
- 9.1.2.2 Expected feedstock changes and/or degra...
- 9.1.2.3 Optimal/maximum feedstock inventory sto...
- 9.1.2.4 In cases where degradation is unavoidab...
- 9.1.2.5 Understanding of industry best practice...
- + 9.1.3 Inventory fire
- 9.1.3.1 General
- 9.1.3.2 Monitor internal temperature of invento...
- 9.1.3.3 Mixing non-homogenous feedstocks within...
- 9.1.3.4 Demonstrating internal policy governing...
- 9.1.3.5 Developing a fire response plan
- + 9.1.4 Intake consistency and reliability of pro...
- 9.1.4.1 General
- 9.1.4.2 Understanding the number of expected in...
- 9.1.4.3 Understanding the ability to continue t...
- 9.1.4.4 Understanding the consistency and relia...
- + 9.2 Risk factor: internal feedstock yard operat...
- + 9.2.1 Receiving yard efficiency
- 9.2.1.1 General
- 9.2.1.2 Structure of yard operations
- 9.2.1.3 Sampling and testing methods
- 9.2.1.4 Discharge of feedstock
- 9.2.1.5 Demonstrating yard operations benchmark...
- + 9.2.2 Sampling and testing methods in yard
- 9.2.2.1 General
- 9.2.2.2 Responsibility
- 9.2.2.3 Application
- 9.2.2.4 Impact on wait times
- 9.2.2.5 Communication
- 9.2.2.6 Based on industry standards
- 9.2.2.7 Deductions for out-of-specification mat...
- + 9.2.3 Yard and equipment redundancy
- 9.2.3.1 General
- 9.2.3.2 Building redundancy into yard equipment...
- 9.2.3.3 Qualifying importance of each piece of ...
- + 9.2.4 Direct feed vs. indirect feed
- 9.2.4.1 General
- 9.2.4.2 Unloading feedstock in designated area
- 9.2.4.3 Storing feedstock of different qualitie...
- 9.2.4.4 Avoiding contamination of feedstock
- + 9.2.5 Smart devices in inventory management
- 9.2.5.1 General
- 9.2.5.2 Use of smart devices
- + 9.3 Risk factor: management and personnel
- + 9.3.1 Personnel experience in feedstock procure...
- 9.3.1.1 General
- 9.3.1.2 Feedstock yard manager
- 9.3.1.3 Feedstock procurement manager
- + 9.3.2 Data management systems and processes
- 9.3.2.1 General
- 9.3.2.2 Use of feedstock procurement software
- 9.3.2.3 Procurement plans
- + 9.3.3 Personnel safety training protocols
- 9.3.3.1 General
- 9.3.3.2 Personnel safety training protocols
- + 9.3.4 Relationships with suppliers
- 9.3.4.1 General
- 9.3.4.2 Plan for fostering positive supplier re...
- 9.3.4.3 Procurement professional experienced in...
- 9.3.5 Diversity, inclusion, and related policy ...
- + Annex A (informative)
- + A.4 Category 1 — Supplier risk
- + A.4.1 Risk factor: credit-worthiness/problemati...
- A.4.1.1 Financial statements, relative size, li...
- A.4.1.1.2 Understanding a supplier’s relative f...
- A.4.1.2 Longevity and history of supplier perfo...
- A.4.1.2.2 Understanding supplier performance
- A.4.1.3 Production capacity
- A.4.1.3.2 Understanding of supplier’s monthly a...
- A.4.1.3.3 Understanding supplier’s commitment
- + A.4.2 Risk factor: supplier obligations
- A.4.2.1 Contract price vs. market price
- A.4.2.1.1 General
- A.4.2.2 Atypical feedstock specifications
- A.4.2.2.2 Understanding the feedstock currently...
- A.4.2.2.4 Understanding the proportion of quant...
- A.4.2.2.5 Understanding atypical feedstock spec...
- A.4.2.3 Favourability of payment terms
- A.4.2.3.2 Understanding standards terms in the ...
- A.4.2.4 Favourability of delivery terms
- A.4.2.4.2 Understanding delivery terms offered ...
- A.4.2.5 Contract length
- A.4.2.5.2 Long-term contracts
- A.4.2.5.3 Short-term contracts
- A.4.2.5.5 Situations with no long- or short-ter...
- A.4.2.6 Clarity of sample testing methods
- A.4.2.6.2 Parameters to define in contract
- A.4.2.7 Accuracy/suitability of price indices
- A.4.2.7.2 Price indices to reflect feedstock co...
- A.4.2.7.3 Price indices to reflect feedstock ty...
- A.4.2.7.4 Price indices to reflect supply basin...
- A.4.2.7.5 Granularity of data
- A.4.2.8 Quantity and quality optionality
- A.4.2.8.1 General
- A.4.2.8.2 Frequency
- A.4.2.8.4 Delivered monthly quantities of feeds...
- A.4.2.9 Damage and recourse clauses
- A.4.2.9.2 Stating damage clauses
- A.4.2.9.3 Lack of specific damage clause
- A.4.2.10 Flexibility in feedstock supply quanti...
- A.4.2.10.2 Natural and reasonable variation in ...
- A.4.2.11 Sliding scales driving feedstock quali...
- A.4.2.11.1 General
- A.4.2.11.2 Incorporating sliding scales
- A.4.2.15 Warranties
- A.4.2.15.3 Inclusion of defection clause
- A.4.3 Risk factor: supply inventory
- + A.4.3.1 Supplier inventory as mitigation of sup...
- A.4.3.1.2 Understanding supplier’s inventory
- + A.4.3.2 Quality risks relating to supplier’s in...
- A.4.3.2.2 Understanding impacts of storage time...
- + A.4.4 Risk factor: conflicts of interest/vested...
- A.4.4.1 Supplier’s dependence on, or preference...
- A.4.4.1.2 Understanding competing markets
- A.4.4.2 Supplier as a competitor
- A.4.4.2.2 Determining if supplier is a competit...
- + A.4.5 Risk factor: supplier control over produc...
- A.4.5.1 Ownership of land tenure/means of produ...
- A.4.5.1.2 Understanding ownership
- A.4.5.2 Ownership of equipment
- A.4.5.2.1 General
- A.4.5.2.2 Understanding ownership of equipment
- A.4.5.3 Ownership of transportation/logistics
- A.4.5.3.3 Precedent for the use of a third part...
- A.4.5.4 Supplier as an aggregator or broker
- A.4.5.4.1 General
- A.4.5.4.3 Understanding intermediary’s control ...
- A.4.5.4.4 Understanding how the intermediary ca...
- A.4.5.5 Feedstock as a secondary transformation...
- A.4.5.5.1 General
- A.4.5.5.2 Understanding the relationship betwee...
- A.4.5.5.3 Understanding historical and projecte...
- A.4.5.5.4 Understanding sensitivity to demand f...
- + A.4.6 Risk factor: distance from the proponent
- A.4.6.1 Distance from the proponent
- A.4.6.1.2 Understanding maximum economic distan...
- A.4.6.1.3 Understanding geographical limits of ...
- + A.4.7 Risk factor: supplier’s experience
- A.4.7.1 Fundamental feedstock production experi...
- A.4.7.1.2 Where suppliers are inexperienced wit...
- A.4.7.1.3 Outsourcing
- + A.4.8 Risk factor: supplier harvesting/collecti...
- A.4.8.1 Supplier’s equipment efficiency
- A.4.8.1.2 Understanding of the supplier’s equip...
- + A.4.9 Risk factor: supplier primary interest
- A.4.9.1 Feedstock production priority
- A.4.9.1.2 Relative importance of contracted fee...
- A.4.9.1.3 Understanding and modelling the harve...
- + A.4.10 Risk factor: human resource impacts
- A.4.10.1 Planning for human resource related ev...
- A.4.10.1.2 Understanding supplier’s organizatio...
- + A.5 Category 2 — Competitor risk
- + A.5.1 Risk factor: competitor influence on the ...
- A.5.1.1 Competitor locations and geographical i...
- A.5.1.1.2 Understanding the competitor’s locati...
- A.5.1.2 Historical fluctuation of quantity used...
- A.5.1.2.1 General
- A.5.1.2.2 Understanding of current key competit...
- A.5.1.2.4 Understanding of historical utilizati...
- A.5.1.3 Competitor pricing and price sensitivit...
- A.5.1.3.1 General
- A.5.1.3.4 Understanding the market for competit...
- A.5.1.3.6 Understanding competitors’ sensitivit...
- A.5.1.4 Impacts of future demand on feedstock a...
- A.5.1.4.1 General
- A.5.1.4.2 Understanding the forecasted new dema...
- A.5.1.5 Supply influence of competitor
- A.5.1.5.2 Understanding the proportion of suppl...
- A.5.1.6 Temporary market-driven markets
- A.5.1.6.1 General
- + A.5.2 Risk factor: competitors’ competitive adv...
- A.5.2.1 Relative inventory capacity
- A.5.2.1.1 General
- A.5.2.1.2 Understanding the quantities of feeds...
- A.5.2.2 Relative accessibility/delivery hours a...
- A.5.2.2.2 Assessing discharge hours of key comp...
- A.5.2.2.4 Assessing potential accessibility iss...
- A.5.2.3 Relative specification advantages
- A.5.2.3.2 Understanding the specifications for ...
- + A.6 Category 3 — Supply chain risk
- + A.6.1 Risk factor: feedstock availability
- A.6.1.1 Biomass availability multiple (BAM)
- A.6.1.1.2 Understanding the BAM
- A.6.1.1.4 Calculation of BAM — Accessible feeds...
- A.6.1.1.5 Calculation of BAM — Economically fea...
- A.6.1.1.8 Calculation of BAM — Geographical res...
- A.6.1.1.9 Demonstrated BAM
- A.6.1.2 Impact of increased utilization of feed...
- A.6.1.2.2 Increased feedstock utilization scena...
- A.6.1.2.5 Potential increase in feedstock produ...
- A.6.1.3 Feedstock supply curve/marginal cost cu...
- A.6.1.3.1 General
- A.6.1.3.3 Developing a supply curve
- A.6.1.3.4 Multiple feedstock types
- A.6.1.3.5 Incorporating realistic quantities
- A.6.1.3.6 Reflecting economically feasible pric...
- A.6.1.3.7 Reflecting feedstock that is availabl...
- A.6.1.3.8 Quality of redundant feedstock used i...
- A.6.1.4 Seasonal feedstock supply variation
- A.6.1.4.2 Understanding of seasonal feedstock s...
- A.6.1.5 Year-to-year variation in feedstock ava...
- A.6.1.5.2 Projected year-to-year feedstock supp...
- A.6.1.6 Double-counting feedstock
- A.6.1.6.2 Sources of feedstock for brokers, int...
- A.6.1.7 Front-end validation of data used in fe...
- A.6.1.7.2 Data behind feedstock supply models
- A.6.1.7.3 Samples of data underlying feedstock ...
- A.6.1.7.4 Validating primary data
- + A.6.2 Risk factor: historical issues
- A.6.2.1 Historical feedstock price variations a...
- A.6.2.1.3 Drivers of historical feedstock price...
- A.6.2.1.4 Probability and impact of price drive...
- A.6.2.1.9 Feedstock cost margin versus that of ...
- A.6.2.2 Low historical demand for feedstock in ...
- A.6.2.2.1 General
- A.6.2.2.2 Understanding historical feedstock pr...
- A.6.2.3 History of production/feedstock is a ne...
- A.6.2.3.2 Determining primary product/crop prod...
- + A.6.3 Risk factor: non-weather based externalit...
- A.6.3.1 Diesel, oil, and producer price index (...
- A.6.3.1.2 Feedstock price risk relating to dies...
- A.6.3.4 Temporary externality-driven markets fo...
- A.6.3.4.2 Alternative, non-traditional, and ext...
- + A.6.4 Risk factor: risks related to feedstock p...
- A.6.4.1 Harvest and collection practices and sc...
- A.6.4.1.1 General
- A.6.4.1.2 Understanding of feedstock harvest pr...
- A.6.4.2 Harvesting and collection equipment
- A.6.4.2.2 Understanding of equipment requiremen...
- A.6.4.2.3 Understanding of equipment variety in...
- A.6.4.3 Variation in densification methods amon...
- A.6.4.3.2 Understanding the impacts of differen...
- + A.6.5 Risk factor: transportation
- A.6.5.2 Transportation distances
- A.6.5.2.2 Understanding the average transport d...
- A.6.5.2.4 Optimal transport distance
- A.6.5.6 Transportation regulations and load wei...
- A.6.5.6.2 Understanding of relevant feedstock t...
- A.6.5.6.3 Where feedstock transportation restri...
- A.6.5.7 Road infrastructure
- A.6.5.7.2 Understanding transport supply routes...
- A.6.5.8 Backhauls
- A.6.5.8.2 Understanding the degree to which fee...
- A.6.5.9 Transportation redundancy
- A.6.5.9.2 Understanding transportation redundan...
- + A.6.6 Risk factor: supply chain resilience
- A.6.6.1 Number, size mix, and locations of supp...
- A.6.6.1.2 Understanding the minimum number of f...
- A.6.6.1.3 Understanding the maximum proportion ...
- A.6.6.1.4 Understanding the optimal number of s...
- A.6.6.1.5 Understanding of the impact of geogra...
- A.6.6.2 Suppliers subject to same external risk...
- A.6.6.2.3 Understanding of the factors that mit...
- A.6.6.2.5 Understanding of the maintenance of s...
- A.6.6.3 Land ownership structures
- A.6.6.3.2 Understanding of land ownership struc...
- + A.6.7 Risk factor: climate and weather risks
- A.6.7.1 Seasonal weather impacts on feedstock s...
- A.6.7.1.1 General
- A.6.7.1.2 Understanding weather patterns in the...
- A.6.7.1.3 High risk of feedstock shortage due t...
- A.6.7.2 Long-term weather and climate trends
- A.6.7.2.2 Assessment of the impact of future we...
- A.6.7.3 Forest/crop fire
- A.6.7.3.1 General
- A.6.7.3.2 Understanding of forest/crop fire ris...
- A.6.7.3.3 Mitigation plan to minimize forest/cr...
- A.6.7.4 Risk of infestation or disease
- A.6.7.4.1 General
- A.6.7.4.2 Historical occurrences of infestation...
- A.6.7.4.3 Future risk and impact of infestation...
- A.6.7.5 Risk of hail
- A.6.7.5.1 Background
- A.6.7.5.2 Understanding of hail risk and its po...
- A.6.7.6 Risk of flood
- A.6.7.6.5 Significant flood risk
- A.6.7.7 Risk of drought
- A.6.7.7.1 General
- A.6.7.7.2 Understanding drought risk and its po...
- A.6.7.8 Risk of hurricanes, tornadoes, and stro...
- A.6.7.8.1 General
- A.6.7.8.2 Understanding of the hurricane, torna...
- A.6.7.8.3 Where risk of hurricane, tornado, or ...
- A.6.7.9 Low temperatures
- A.6.7.9.2 Understanding of low temperature risk...
- + A.6.8 Risk factor: political and social
- A.6.8.1 Government subsidies for feedstock prod...
- A.6.8.1.3 Risk of removal of such subsidies on ...
- A.6.8.2 Local, sub-national, and national laws,...
- A.6.8.2.1 General
- A.6.8.2.2 Direct feedstock supply dependencies ...
- + A.6.8.2.3 Risk of change of such laws, regulati...
- A.6.8.2.3.1 General
- A.6.8.2.3.2 Forest harvesting
- A.6.8.2.3.5 Traffic, noise, odour, and dust
- A.6.8.2.3.6 Wildlife regulations
- A.6.8.3 Backlash against biomass development, p...
- A.6.8.3.3 Mitigation and communications plan
- A.6.8.5 Food security concerns
- A.6.8.5.3 Mitigation plan
- + A.6.9 Risk factor: sustainability and environme...
- A.6.9.1 Feedstock sustainability
- A.6.9.1.1 General
- A.6.9.1.2 Understanding of biomass feedstock su...
- A.6.9.2 Risk to soil and site quality
- A.6.9.2.1 General
- A.6.9.2.2 Understanding of the impacts of the r...
- A.6.9.2.3 Understanding of the proportion of bi...
- A.6.9.3 Risk to surface and ground water
- A.6.9.3.2 Effects on aquatic systems
- A.6.9.3.3 Risk of negative effects on aquatic s...
- A.6.9.4 Water use
- A.6.9.4.3 Water management plan
- A.6.9.5 Pesticide risk to human and ecosystem h...
- A.6.9.5.3 Mitigation plan
- A.6.9.6 Risk to biodiversity
- A.6.9.6.2 Negative effects on biodiversity
- + A.6.10 Risk factor: greenhouse gas (GHG) measur...
- A.6.10.1 GHG emissions from production, harvest...
- A.6.10.1.4 Quantifying GHG emissions
- https://sbp-cert.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/0...
- A.6.10.2 Political and regulatory uncertainty r...
- A.6.10.2.2 Evaluating and estimating all politi...
- A.6.10.2.3 Mitigating the impacts of external G...
- A.6.10.3 GHG accounting methods
- A.6.10.3.2 Quantifying GHG emissions
- + A.7 Category 4 — Feedstock quality
- + A.7.1 Risk factor: feedstock quality
- A.7.1.1 Consistency of feedstock quality requir...
- A.7.1.1.2 Feedstock specification
- A.7.1.2 Densification and pre-processing
- A.7.1.2.4 Identifying bounds of variability of ...
- A.7.1.3 Feedstock degradation
- A.7.1.3.2 Understanding dry matter losses in fe...
- A.7.1.4 Quality measurement methods
- A.7.1.4.2 Feedstock quality sampling and measur...
- A.7.1.5 Geographic location influence on feedst...
- A.7.1.5.2 Understanding of geographic regions f...
- + A.7.2 Risk factor: specific feedstock quality v...
- A.7.2.1 Variability in moisture content
- A.7.2.1.2 Understanding the moisture content va...
- A.7.2.1.3 Understanding the factors that influe...
- A.7.2.1.4 Understanding the mitigation strategi...
- A.7.2.2 Variability in ash content
- A.7.2.2.2 Understanding the typical ash content...
- A.7.2.2.4 Understanding of the mitigation strat...
- A.7.2.3 Variability in particle size
- A.7.2.3.2 Understanding of size variation typic...
- A.7.2.3.4 Understanding mitigation strategies t...
- A.7.2.4 Variability in chemical content
- A.7.2.4.2 Understanding the chemical content va...
- A.7.2.4.4 Understanding the mitigation strategi...
- A.7.2.5 Feedstock bale density
- A.7.2.5.2 Risks related to feedstock bale densi...
- + A.8 Category 5 — Feedstock scale-up risk
- + A.8.1 Risk factor: feedstock scale-up
- A.8.1.2 Capacity of supply chain components and...
- A.8.1.2.4 Optimized plant size and design
- A.8.1.3 Role of densification and pre-processin...
- A.8.1.3.2 Type of pre-processing and densificat...
- A.8.1.3.4 Bounds of variability of key quality ...
- A.8.1.4 Lab-scale, pilot-scale, and field scale...
- A.8.1.4.2 Results of lab-scale testing
- A.8.1.4.3 Results of pilot-scale testing
- + A.9 Category 6 — Internal organizational risks
- + A.9.1 Risk factor: on-site inventory
- A.9.1.1 Feedstock inventory days
- A.9.1.1.2 Schedule showing monthly feedstock in...
- A.9.1.1.5 Inventory capacity
- A.9.1.2 Inventory degradation and contamination...
- A.9.1.2.2 Expected feedstock changes and/or deg...
- A.9.1.2.5 Understanding of industry best practi...
- A.9.1.3 Inventory fire
- A.9.1.3.3 Mixing non-homogenous feedstocks with...
- A.9.1.3.4 Demonstrating internal policy governi...
- A.9.1.3.5 Developing a fire response plan
- A.9.1.4 Intake consistency and reliability of p...
- A.9.1.4.3 Understanding the ability to continue...
- A.9.1.4.4 Understanding the consistency and rel...
- + A.9.2 Risk factor: internal feedstock yard oper...
- A.9.2.1 Receiving yard efficiency
- A.9.2.1.2 Structure of yard operations
- A.9.2.1.3 Sampling and testing methods
- A.9.2.1.4 Discharge of feedstock
- A.9.2.1.5 Demonstrating yard operations benchma...
- A.9.2.2 Sampling and testing methods in yard
- A.9.2.2.2 Responsibility
- A.9.2.2.3 Application
- A.9.2.2.6 Based on industry standards
- A.9.2.4 Direct feed vs. indirect feed
- A.9.2.4.4 Avoiding contamination of feedstock
- A.9.2.5 Smart devices in inventory management
- A.9.2.5.2 Use of smart devices
- + A.9.3 Risk factor: management and personnel
- A.9.3.1 Personnel experience in feedstock procu...
- A.9.3.1.1 General
- A.9.3.2 Data management systems and processes
- A.9.3.2.2 Use of feedstock procurement software...
- A.9.3.2.3 Procurement plans
- A.9.3.3 Personnel safety training protocols
- A.9.3.3.2 Personnel safety training protocols
- A.9.3.4 Relationships with suppliers
- A.9.3.4.1 General
- Annex B (informative)
- Annex C (informative)
1.1
This Standard provides requirements, recommendations, and guidance for understanding the potential risks to biomass supply chains, including the following risk categories and associated risk factors:
a) supplier risk (including credit-worthiness/problematic future solvency of supplier; supplier contracts; supply inventory; conflicts of interest/vested interest with competing market; supplier control over production and transportation; distance from the proponent; supplier’s experience; supplier harvesting/collection/processing capacity; supplier motivation; human resource impacts);
b) competitor risk (including competitor influence on the feedstock market; competitors’ competitive advantage);
c) supply chain risk (including feedstock availability; historical issues; non-weather based externalities; risks related to feedstock production, harvest, and collection; transportation; supply chain resiliency; climate and natural risks; political and social; sustainability and environmental concern; greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting system);
d) feedstock quality risk (including feedstock quality; specific feedstock quality variables);
e) feedstock scale-up risk (including feedstock scale-up); and
f) internal organizational risk (including feedstock cost margins; on-site inventory; internal feedstock yard operations; management and personnel).
The Standard applies to activities starting at harvest point and ending at plant gate.
1.2
In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.
Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.
Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.
Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.
You may comment on any section of this document by clicking the “Submit Comment” link at the bottom of the relevant section.