Draft Details
- Parking structures (New Edition)
- CSA S413:26
- Parking structures
- Legal Notice for Draft Standards
- Preface
- + 0 Introduction
- 0.1
- 0.2
- 0.3
- 0.4
- 0.5
- 0.6
- 0.7
- + 1 Scope
- 1.1 General
- 1.2 Structure types
- 1.3 Repair of existing parking structures
- 1.4 Reference standards
- 1.5 Terminology
- 2 Reference publications
- 3 Definitions
- 4 Corrosion and leakage protection
- 5 Drawings and related documents
- + 6 Materials
- + 6.1 Concrete
- 6.1.1 General
- + 6.1.2 Exposure
- 6.1.2.1 General
- 6.1.2.2 Concrete for exposure class C-XL
- 6.1.2.3 Permeability indexResistance to chlorid...
- 6.1.2.3.1
- 6.1.2.3.2
- 6.1.2.3.3
- 6.1.2.4 Unreinforced slabs on ground
- 6.1.3 Chloride content
- 6.1.4 Admixtures containing chloride
- + 6.1.5 Aggregate
- 6.1.5.1
- 6.1.5.2
- 6.1.5.3
- 6.1.5.4
- 6.2 Dissimilar metals
- + 6.3 Guards, vehicle guardrails, exposed hardwar...
- 6.3.1 Exposed materials
- 6.3.2 Embedded materials
- 6.3.3 Expansion joints
- 6.3.4 Connectors
- 6.3.5 Support of reinforcement
- 6.4 Welded-wire reinforcement
- + 6.5 Post-tensioning
- 6.5.1
- 6.5.2
- 6.6 Structural steel
- 6.7 Steel deck
- 6.8 Sealants
- 6.9 Fibre-reinforced polymers
- + 7 Design requirements
- 7.1 Code and reference standards
- 7.2 Volume change effects
- + 7.3 Protection systems and concrete cover
- + 7.3.1 Acceptable systems
- 7.3.1.1
- 7.3.1.2
- 7.3.1.3
- 7.3.1.4
- + 7.3.2 Alternative systems
- 7.3.2.1
- 7.3.2.2
- 7.3.3 Stairs
- 7.3.4 Normal exposure
- 7.3.5 Severe exposure
- 7.3.6 Prestressed elements
- 7.3.7 Hybrid systems
- + 7.3.8 Concrete cover
- 7.3.8.1 Measurement
- 7.3.8.2 Specified concrete cover
- + 7.3.9 Membranes
- 7.3.9.1
- Note: The currently specified durability and p...
- 7.3.9.2
- 7.3.9.3
- 7.3.9.4
- 7.3.9.5
- 7.3.9.6
- + 7.3.10 Sealers
- 7.3.10.1
- 7.3.10.2
- + 7.4 Joints
- + 7.4.1 Construction joints
- 7.4.1.1
- 7.4.1.2
- 7.4.1.3
- + 7.4.2 Expansion joints and sliding joints
- 7.4.2.1
- 7.4.2.2
- 7.4.2.3
- 7.4.2.4
- 7.4.2.5
- 7.4.2.6
- + 7.4.3 Contraction joints in concrete toppings
- 7.4.3.1
- 7.4.3.2
- 7.4.3.3
- 7.4.3.4
- 7.4.3.5
- 7.4.4 Balustrades
- + 7.5 Slopes, drainage, and drains
- + 7.5.1
- 7.5.1.1
- 7.5.1.23
- 7.5.2
- 7.5.3
- 7.5.4
- 7.5.5
- 7.5.6
- 7.5.7
- 7.5.8
- 7.5.9
- 7.5.10
- 7.5.11
- 7.5.12
- 7.5.13
- 7.5.14
- + 7.6 Services
- 7.6.1
- 7.6.2
- 7.6.3
- 7.7 Heating cables and heating pipes for snow m...
- + 7.8 Precast concrete hollow-core slabs
- 7.8.1
- 7.8.2
- 7.8.3
- 7.8.4
- 7.8.5
- 7.8.6
- 7.9 Functional layout
- + 8 Additional requirements for cast-in-place, po...
- 8.1 Anchorages and couplers
- 8.2 Stressing pockets
- + 8.3 Joints
- 8.3.1
- 8.3.2
- 8.4 Proximity to drains
- + 8.5 Qualifications
- 8.5.1
- 8.5.2
- + 9 Additional requirements for steel structures
- + 9.1 Curbs
- 9.1.1
- 9.1.2
- 9.1.3
- 9.1.4
- 9.1.5
- 9.2 Columns, base plates, and anchor bolts
- + 9.3 Steel deck
- 9.3.1
- 9.3.2
- 9.4 Concrete encased structural steel
- 9.5 Water accumulation
- + 9.6 Painting
- 9.6.1
- 9.6.2
- 9.6.3
- 9.7 Weathering steel
- 9.8 Crack control over girders
- + 10 Construction
- 10.1 Reference standards
- 10.2 Elevations
- 10.3 De-icing chemicals
- + 10.4 Bar supports and side form spacers
- 10.4.1
- 10.4.2
- 10.4.3
- + 10.5 Post-tensioning anchorages
- 10.5.1
- 10.5.2
- 10.5.3
- 10.5.4
- + 10.6 Post-tensioning tendons
- 10.6.1
- 10.6.2
- 10.6.3
- 10.6.4
- 10.6.5
- 10.6.6
- 10.6.7
- 10.6.8
- 10.6.9
- 10.6.10
- 10.6.11
- 10.6.12
- 10.6.13
- 10.6.14
- 10.6.15
- 10.7 Slab finishing
- + 10.8 Curing and protection
- 10.8.1
- 10.8.2
- 10.8.3
- 10.8.4
- + 10.9 Form removal and reshoring
- 10.9.1
- 10.9.2
- 10.9.3
- 10.9.4
- 10.10 Vehicles
- + 10.11 Acids
- 10.11.1
- 10.11.2
- 10.11.3
- + 10.12 Moisture barriers
- 10.12.1
- 10.12.2
- 10.12.3
- 10.12.4
- 10.13 Sealants
- + 11 Inspection and testing
- 11.1
- 11.2
- 11.3
- + 12 Maintenance
- 12.1
- Figure 2
- + Annex A (informative)
- + A.1 General
- A.1.1 Moisture barriers
- + A.1.2 Membranes with traffic wearing course
- A.1.2.1 General
- A.1.2.2 Thin-traffic deck waterproofing systems...
- A.1.2.2.1
- A.1.2.2.2
- A.1.2.3 Thick-traffic deck waterproofing system...
- A.1.2.3.1 General
- A.1.2.3.2 Mastic asphalt wearing course
- A.1.2.3.3 Asphaltic concrete wearing course
- A.1.2.3.4 Concrete topping
- + A.1.3 Concrete sealers
- A.1.3.1 General
- A.1.3.2 Types of sealers
- + A.2 Selection of moisture barrier system
- A.2.1 General
- + A.2.2 Membrane systems
- A.2.2.1
- A.2.2.2
- A.2.3 Concrete sealers
- + A.3 Application of moisture barrier
- A.3.1 Substrate preparation
- A.3.2 Moisture content
- A.3.3 Environmental conditions
- A.3.4 Safety considerations
- A.3.5 Coverage and thickness
- A.4 Field quality control
- + A.5 Maintenance
- A.5.1 Maintenance program
- A.5.2 Logbook
- + A.5.3 Sealer renewal
- A.5.3.1 General
- A.5.3.2 Water uptake test — In situ
- A.5.3.3 Water uptake test — Cores
- A.5.3.4 Chloride ion concentration profile
- A.5.3.5 Reapplication
- A.5.4 Membrane inspection
- A.6 References
- + Annex B (informative)
- B.1 General
- B.2 Cathodic protection impressed-current anode...
- + B.3 Cathodic protection design
- B.3.1
- B.3.2
- B.3.3
- B.3.4
- B.3.5
- B.4 Testing
- + B.5 Operation and maintenance
- B.5.1
- B.5.2
- B.6 References
- + Annex C (informative)
- + C.1 General
- C.1.1 Calcium nitrite
- C.1.2 Other corrosion inhibitors
- C.1.3 Non-metallic reinforcement (FRP reinforce...
- C.2 Ratio of chloride ion to nitrite ion
- C.3 Calcium nitrite and other materials
- C.4 Cathodic protection
- C.5 Cracked concrete
- C.6 Effectiveness versus time
- C.7 Variation of dosage
- C.8 Effect of nitrite in concrete adjacent to c...
- + C.9 Determination of the calcium nitrite dosage...
- + C.9.1 Chloride diffusion model
- C.9.2 Dosage
- C.9.2.1 General
- C.9.2.2 Variation in cover
- C.9.2.3 Concrete not protected by waterproofing...
- C.9.2.4 Concrete protected by waterproofing mem...
- C.9.2.5 Increased dosage
- C.9.2.6 Example
- C.10 Concrete mix design
- C.11 Test for presence of nitrite in plastic co...
- C.12 Test for corrosion activity
- C.13 References and related publications
- + Annex D (informative)
- + D.1 General
- D.1.1
- D.1.2
- D.1.3
- D.2 Checklist
- + Annex E (informative)
- E.1 Routine maintenance
- E.2 Post-tensioned structures
- E.3 Snowploughing
- + E.4 De-icers
- E.4.1
- E.4.2
- E.5 Need for expert advice and report
- E.6 References
- Table E.1
- + Annex F (informative)
- + F.1 Structural designer
- F.1.1
- F.1.2
- F.1.3
- F.1.4
- + F.2 Protection system specifier
- F.2.1
- F.2.2
- F.2.3
- F.2.4
- F.3 Prime consultant
- + F.4 Contractor
- F.4.1
- F.4.2
- + F.5 Owner
- F.5.1
- F.5.2
- F.5.3
- + Annex G (informative)
- G.1 Introduction
- G.2 Loads
- G.3 Normal structural behaviour cracking
- G.4 Flexural cracking
- G.5 Restraints to volume change
- G.6 Drying shrinkage
- G.7 Thermal effects
- G.8 Elastic shortening
- G.9 Creep
- G.10 Incompatible deflections
- G.11 Expansion joints, sliding joints, released...
- G.12 Brackets, corbels, and ledges
- G.13 Beam-column joint design
- G.14 Torsion
- G.15 Joist, waffle, and precast tee slabs
- G.16 Balustrades and guardrails
- G.17 Precast concrete
- G.18 Below-grade enclosed structures
- G.19 Epoxy-coated bars
- G.20 Post-tensioned concrete anchorage and spal...
- G.21 References
- + Annex H (informative)
- H.1 Scope
- H.4 Corrosion and leakage protection
- H.5 Drawings and related documents
- + H.6 Materials
- + H.6.1 Concrete
- H.6.1.2 Class of exposure
- H.6.1.2.2 Concrete for exposure class C-XL
- H.6.1.3 Chloride content
- H.6.1.4 Admixtures containing chloride
- H.6.1.5 Aggregate
- H.6.1.5.3
- H.6.1.6 Finishing
- H.6.2 Dissimilar metals
- + H.6.3 Guards, vehicle guardrails, exposed hardw...
- H.6.3.2 Embedded materials
- H.6.3.4 Connectors
- H.6.4 Welded-wire reinforcement
- H.6.5 Post-tensioning
- H.6.7 Steel deck
- + H.7 Design requirements
- H.7.2 Volume change effects
- + H.7.3 Protection systems and concrete cover
- H.7.3.1 Acceptable systems
- H.7.3.3 Stairs
- H.7.3.5 Severe exposure
- H.7.3.6 Prestressed elements
- H.7.3.8 Concrete cover
- H.7.3.8.2 Specified concrete cover
- H.7.3.9.1
- H.7.3.9.2
- H.7.3.9.4
- H.7.3.9.6
- H.7.3.10 Sealers
- + H.7.4 Joints
- + H.7.4.1 Construction joints
- H.7.4.1.1
- H.7.4.1.3
- H.7.4.2 Expansion joints and sliding joints
- H.7.4.2.3
- H.7.4.3 Contraction joints in concrete toppings...
- + H.7.5 Slopes, drainage, and drains
- H.7.5.1
- H.7.5.2
- H.7.5.4
- H.7.5.6
- H.7.5.7
- H.7.5.8
- H.7.5.9
- H.7.5.10
- H.7.5.12
- H.7.5.13
- + H.7.6 Services
- H.7.6.1
- H.7.6.3
- H.7.7 Heating cables and heating pipes for snow...
- + H.7.8 Precast concrete hollow-core slabs
- H.7.8.4
- H.7.9 Functional layout
- + H.8 Additional requirements for cast-in-place, ...
- H.8.2 Stressing pockets
- H.8.4 Proximity to drains
- + H.8.5 Qualifications
- H.8.5.1
- H.8.5.2
- + H.9 Additional requirements for steel structure...
- + H.9.1 Curbs
- H.9.3.1
- H.9.6.2
- H.9.7 Weathering steel
- H.9.8 Crack control over girders
- + H.10 Construction
- + H.10.3 De-icing chemicals
- H.10.4.1
- + H.10.6 Post-tensioning tendons
- H.10.6.3
- H.10.6.6
- H.10.6.8
- H.10.6.10
- H.10.6.11
- H.10.6.14
- H.10.6.15
- H.10.7 Slab finishing
- + H.10.8 Curing and protection
- H.10.8.2
- H.10.8.3
- H.10.10 Vehicles
- H.10.11 Acids
- H.10.12 Moisture barriers
- H.10.12.2
- H.11 Inspection and testing
- + H.12 Maintenance
- H.12.1
- H.13 References and related publications
1 Scope
1.1 General
This Standard specifies special requirements for the durability aspects of the design and construction of new parking structures and parts of buildings subject to vehicular traffic.
This includes pedestrian traffic areas adjoining to or contained within parking structures. These include areas such as stairs, and pedestrian bridges from parking structures.
The application of this Standard includes structures which are designed for the storage and/or repair of vehicles whether those structures are stand alone, above ground or below ground, part of or connected to the structure of a larger structure/development.
Note: This includes commercial, residential, industrial or institutional, and all other building types.
1.2 Structure types
New parking structures constructed of structural steel, reinforced concrete (including prestressed concrete), or a combination of these materials fall within the scope of this Standard.
1.3 Repair of existing parking structures
This Standard does not cover the repair of existing parking structures, and the provisions of this Standard are not necessarily appropriate for the repair and protection of existing structures.
Note: See CSA S448.1 for information on the repair of concrete structures.
1.4 Reference standards
In the event of conflict between this Standard and the reference standards, this Standard takes precedence.
1.5 Terminology
In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.
Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.
Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.
Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.
You may comment on any section of this document by clicking the “Submit Comment” link at the bottom of the relevant section.