Draft Details
- Technical requirements for in-service evaluati...
- Legal Notice for Standards
- Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Foreword
- Preface
- 0 Introduction
- + 1 Scope
- 1.1 General
- 1.2 Application to pressure tube material type
- 1.3 Application exclusions
- 1.4 Application of standard to lifecycle phases...
- 1.5 Terminology
- 2 Reference publications
- + 3 Definitions, abbreviations, and symbols
- 3.1 Definitions
- 3.2 Abbreviations
- 3.3 Symbols
- + 4 General requirements
- 4.1 Scope
- + 4.2 Evaluation of in-service inspection results...
- + 4.2.1 Evaluation of flaws detected by in-servic...
- 4.2.1.1 Evaluation of flaws
- 4.2.1.2 Evaluation of pressure tube repair
- + 4.2.2 Evaluation of pressure tube to calandria ...
- 4.2.2.1 General
- 4.2.2.2 Evaluation of pressure tube left in con...
- 4.2.2.3 Evaluation of pressure tube removed fro...
- + 4.3 Assessment of reactor core
- 4.3.1 Applicability
- + 4.3.2 Assessment of reactor core for flaws
- 4.3.2.1 General
- 4.3.2.2 Evaluation of service conditions for pr...
- 4.3.2.3 Assessment of flaws in the reactor core...
- 4.3.2.4 Evaluation of leak-before-break
- 4.3.3 Evaluation of reactor core for pressure t...
- 4.4 Evaluation of material surveillance measure...
- + 4.5 Requirements of evaluations
- + 4.5.1 Evaluation methods
- 4.5.1.1 Evaluation period
- 4.5.1.2 Acceptable evaluation methods
- 4.5.1.3 Re-evaluation requirements – input para...
- 4.5.1.4 Re-evaluation requirements – models and...
- 4.5.2 Inspection uncertainty
- 4.5.3 Hydrogen equivalent concentration
- + 4.5.4 Material properties
- 4.5.4.1 Validity limits
- 4.5.4.2 Hydrogen equivalent concentration and i...
- + 4.5.5 Loading conditions
- 4.5.5.1 Service conditions and transient classi...
- 4.5.5.2 Classification of stresses
- 4.5.5.3 Consideration of operational impacts on...
- + 4.6 Operating conditions
- 4.6.1 General
- 4.6.2 Application in flaw evaluations
- 4.6.3 Application in pressure tube to calandria...
- 4.7 Records and notification
- + 5 Evaluation of pressure tube flaws
- 5.1 General
- + 5.2 Flaw characterization
- 5.2.1 General
- 5.2.2 Characterization of planar and laminar fl...
- + 5.2.3 Characterization of volumetric flaws
- 5.2.3.1 Characterization of flaw type and flaw ...
- 5.2.3.2 Characterization of planar dimensions o...
- 5.2.3.3 Characterization of flaw profiles and r...
- + 5.3 Evaluation of planar and laminar flaws
- 5.3.1 General
- 5.3.2 Flaw growth evaluation
- 5.3.3 Fracture initiation evaluation
- 5.3.4 Plastic collapse evaluation
- + 5.4 Evaluation of volumetric flaws
- 5.4.1 General
- + 5.4.2 Fatigue crack initiation evaluation
- 5.4.2.1 General
- 5.4.2.2 Calculation of usage factor
- 5.4.2.3 Evaluation of cumulative usage factor
- + 5.4.3 Hydrided region overload and DHC initiati...
- 5.4.3.1 General
- 5.4.3.2 Peak stress or explicit process-zone ev...
- 5.4.3.3 Peak stress or explicit process-zone ev...
- 5.4.3.4 Threshold peak stress evaluation
- 5.4.3.5 Explicit process-zone evaluation
- 5.4.3.5.1 General
- 5.4.3.5.2 Flaw-tip hydride ratcheting condition...
- 5.4.3.5.3 Flaw-tip hydride non-ratcheting condi...
- 5.4.3.6 Evaluation of hydrided region overload ...
- 5.4.4 Plastic collapse evaluation
- + 6 Evaluation of pressure tube to calandria tube...
- 6.1 General
- + 6.2 Classification of operating conditions
- 6.2.1 Requirements for classification of operat...
- 6.2.2 Limited operating condition
- 6.2.3 Sustained operating condition
- + 6.3 Evaluation of pressure tubes left in contac...
- 6.3.1 General
- 6.3.2 Evaluation for sustained operating condit...
- + 6.3.3 Evaluation for limited operating conditio...
- 6.3.3.1 General
- 6.3.3.2 Evaluation for BFT for limited operatin...
- 6.3.3.3 Evaluation for blister growth for limit...
- + 6.4 Evaluation of pressure tubes removed from c...
- 6.4.1 General
- + 6.4.2 Evaluation for sustained operating condit...
- 6.4.2.1 General
- 6.4.2.2 Evaluation for BFT for sustained operat...
- 6.4.2.3 Evaluation for blister growth for susta...
- + 6.4.3 Evaluation for limited operating conditio...
- 6.4.3.1 General
- 6.4.3.2 Evaluation for BFT for limited operatin...
- 6.4.3.3 Evaluation for blister growth for limit...
- + 6.5 Evaluation of annulus spacer movement
- 6.5.1 General
- 6.5.2 Condition monitoring assessment
- + 6.5.3 Operational assessment
- 6.5.3.1 Operational assessment — Annulus spacer...
- 6.5.3.2 Operational assessment — Re-inspection ...
- + 7 Assessment of reactor core
- + 7.1 General
- 7.1.1 Scope
- 7.1.2 Fracture protection
- 7.1.3 Flaws and pressure tube to calandria tube...
- 7.1.4 Leak-before-break
- 7.1.5 Convergence of results
- + 7.2 Evaluation of service conditions for protec...
- 7.2.1 General
- 7.2.2 Deterministic evaluation
- 7.2.3 Probabilistic evaluation with companion d...
- + 7.2.3.1 Probabilistic evaluation of fracture pr...
- 7.2.3.1.1 General requirements for probabilisti...
- 7.2.3.1.2 Requirements based on frequencies of ...
- 7.2.3.1.2.1 Frequency of rupture of a single pr...
- 7.2.3.1.2.2 Frequency of pressure tube rupture ...
- 7.2.3.1.3 Requirements based on cumulative reli...
- 7.2.3.1.3.1 Cumulative reliability against rupt...
- 7.2.3.1.3.2 Cumulative reliability against rupt...
- + 7.2.3.2 Companion deterministic evaluation of f...
- 7.2.3.2.1 Companion deterministic evaluation fo...
- 7.2.3.2.2 Companion deterministic evaluation fo...
- 7.2.3.2.3 Companion deterministic evaluation fo...
- + 7.3 Assessment of flaws and pressure tube to ca...
- + 7.3.1 General
- 7.3.1.1 Consideration of past and projected ope...
- 7.3.1.2 Contributors to total pressure tube fai...
- + 7.3.2 Assessment of flaws in the reactor core
- 7.3.2.1 General
- 7.3.2.2 Deterministic evaluation
- 7.3.2.3 Probabilistic evaluation
- + 7.3.3 Assessment of pressure tube to calandria ...
- 7.3.3.1 General
- 7.3.3.2 Deterministic evaluation
- 7.3.3.3 Probabilistic evaluation
- + 7.4 Evaluation of LBB
- 7.4.1 General
- 7.4.2 Deterministic evaluation
- + 7.4.3 Probabilistic evaluation
- 7.4.3.1 General
- 7.4.3.2 Probabilistic LBB evaluation based on p...
- 7.4.3.3 Integrated probabilistic core evaluatio...
- + 8 Evaluation of material surveillance measureme...
- 8.1 General
- 8.2 Evaluation of hydrogen equivalent concentra...
- 8.3 Evaluation of fracture toughness
- 8.4 Evaluation of DHC growth rate
- 8.5 Evaluation of threshold stress intensity fa...
- Table 1 Flaw types and associated category wit...
- Table 2 Required structural factors for Servic...
- Table 3 Lower-bound threshold peak flaw-tip st...
- Table 4 Required structural factors on pressur...
- Table 5 Structural factors on internal pressur...
- Table 6 Hydride non-ratcheting factors for ela...
- Table 7 Threshold and allowable probabilities ...
- Figure 1 Flow chart for evaluation of in-servi...
- Figure 2 Planar flaw in a pressure tube
- Figure 3 Illustration of planar dimensions of ...
- Figure 4 Illustration of planar dimensions of ...
- Figure 5 Bearing pad fretting flaw in a pressu...
- Figure 6 Debris fretting flaw in a pressure tu...
- Figure 7 a) Illustration of a root radius of a...
- Figure 7 b) Illustration of a root radius of a...
- Figure 8 Illustration of a root radius of axia...
- Figure 9 Flow chart for evaluation of planar a...
- Figure 10 Flow chart for evaluation of volumet...
- Figure 11 Flow chart for DHC initiation evalua...
- Figure 12 Illustration of a hydrided region/pr...
- Figure 13 Flow chart for evaluation of pressur...
- Figure 14 Flow chart for evaluation of pressur...
- Figure 15 Flow chart for evaluation of materia...
- Figure 16 Flow chart for evaluation of materia...
- Figure 17 Flow chart for evaluation of materia...
- Figure 18 Flow chart for evaluation of materia...
- Figure 19 Flow chart of the evaluation of annu...
- + Annex A (informative)
- Procedures for the evaluation of pressure tube...
- A.1 Introduction
- A.1.1 General
- A.1.2 Summary of the evaluation procedure for p...
- A.1.3 Summary of the evaluation procedure for v...
- A.1.4 Symbols and abbreviations
- A.2 Flaw geometry characterization
- A.2.1 General
- + A.2.2 Geometry characterization of planar and l...
- A.2.2.1 General
- + A.2.2.2 Surface planar flaws
- A.2.2.2.1 General
- A.2.2.2.2 Flaw components
- A.2.2.2.3 Multiple surface planar flaws
- A.2.2.2.3.1
- A.2.2.2.3.2
- A.2.2.2.4 Planar flaw dimensions along axis of ...
- A.2.2.2.4.1
- A.2.2.2.4.2
- A.2.2.2.4.3
- A.2.2.2.4.4
- A.2.2.3 Sub-surface planar or laminar flaws
- + A.2.3 Geometry characterization of volumetric f...
- A.2.3.1 General
- + A.2.3.2 Flaw planar dimensions
- A.2.3.2.1
- A.2.3.2.2
- A.2.3.2.3
- A.2.3.2.4
- + A.2.3.3 Flaw volumetric dimensions
- A.2.3.3.1 General
- A.2.3.3.2 Flaw volumetric dimensions along prin...
- A.2.3.3.2.1
- A.2.3.3.2.2
- A.2.3.3.2.3
- A.2.3.3.2.4
- A.2.3.3.2.5
- A.2.3.3.2.6
- A.2.3.3.2.7
- A.2.3.3.3 Flaw volumetric dimensions along majo...
- A.2.3.3.3.1
- A.2.3.3.3.2
- A.2.3.3.3.3
- A.2.3.3.3.4
- A.2.3.3.3.5
- A.2.3.3.3.6
- A.2.3.3.3.7
- A.2.3.3.3.8
- A.3 Material properties and derived quantities
- A.3.1 General
- A.3.2 Fracture toughness for fracture initiatio...
- A.3.3 Fatigue crack growth rate
- A.3.4 Yield stress and ultimate tensile strengt...
- A.3.5 Terminal solid solubility limits
- A.3.6 Deuterium rate of change
- A.3.7 Threshold stress intensity factor for DHC...
- A.3.8 DHC growth rate
- A.3.9 Fatigue crack initiation evaluation curve...
- A.3.10 Threshold peak stress for DHC initiation...
- A.4 Calculation of pressure tube dimensions and...
- A.4.1 General
- + A.4.2 Time variation of pressure tube dimension...
- A.4.2.1 General
- + A.4.2.2 Pressure tube wall thickness
- A.4.2.2.1
- A.4.2.2.2
- A.4.2.2.3
- A.4.2.2.4
- A.4.2.2.5
- + A.4.2.3 Pressure tube inner radius
- A.4.2.3.1
- A.4.2.3.2
- A.4.2.3.3
- A.4.2.3.4
- A.4.2.3.5
- A.4.2.3.6
- + A.4.3 Applied loads
- + A.4.3.1 Loading conditions
- A.4.3.1.1 General
- A.4.3.1.2 Loading and stress classification
- A.4.3.1.3 Transient load cycles
- A.4.3.1.3.1
- A.4.3.1.3.2
- A.4.3.1.3.3
- + A.4.3.2 Calculation of applied loads
- A.4.3.2.1
- A.4.3.2.2
- A.4.3.2.3
- A.4.3.2.4
- A.4.3.2.5
- A.4.3.2.6
- + A.4.4 Calculation of nominal hoop stresses
- A.4.4.1 Calculation requirements
- A.4.4.2 Primary hoop stress
- A.4.4.3 Applied hoop stress
- A.4.4.4 End fitting support
- + A.4.5 Calculation of nominal axial stresses
- A.4.5.1 Calculation requirements
- A.4.5.2 Primary axial stress due to internal pr...
- A.4.5.3 Primary bending stress
- A.4.5.4 Secondary bending stress
- A.4.5.5 Primary axial stress due to axial force...
- A.4.5.6 Secondary axial stress due to axial for...
- A.4.5.7 Total nominal primary axial stress
- A.4.5.8 Total nominal axial stress
- A.4.6 Residual stresses
- A.5 Evaluation of planar and laminar flaws
- A.5.1 General
- + A.5.2 Calculation of stress intensity factor
- A.5.2.1 General
- + A.5.2.2 Axial flaw
- A.5.2.2.1 General
- A.5.2.2.2 Stress intensity factor
- A.5.2.2.3 Plastic-zone correction
- A.5.2.2.4 Geometry correction factors for an ax...
- A.5.2.2.4.1
- A.5.2.2.4.2
- A.5.2.2.4.3
- A.5.2.2.4.4
- A.5.2.2.5 Geometry correction factors for an ax...
- A.5.2.2.5.1
- A.5.2.2.5.2
- A.5.2.2.5.3
- + A.5.2.3 Circumferential flaw
- A.5.2.3.1 General
- A.5.2.3.2 Stress intensity factor
- A.5.2.3.3 Plastic-zone correction
- A.5.2.3.4 Geometry correction factors for a cir...
- A.5.2.3.4.1
- A.5.2.3.4.2
- A.5.2.3.4.3
- A.5.2.3.4.4
- A.5.2.3.5 Geometry correction factor for a circ...
- + A.5.3 Flaw growth
- A.5.3.1 General
- + A.5.3.2 TTSSD temperature
- A.5.3.2.1
- A.5.3.2.2
- A.5.3.2.3
- + A.5.3.3 Evaluation of length LDHC of initiation...
- A.5.3.3.1 General
- A.5.3.3.2 Flaw profile
- A.5.3.3.3 Length LDHC
- A.5.3.3.4 Evaluation of length LDHC for a semi-...
- A.5.3.3.5 Evaluation of length LDHC for any fla...
- + A.5.3.4 Flaw growth due to fatigue and DHC
- A.5.3.4.1 Flaw growth evaluation procedure
- A.5.3.4.1.1
- A.5.3.4.1.2
- A.5.3.4.1.3
- A.5.3.4.1.4
- A.5.3.4.1.5
- A.5.3.4.2 Fatigue crack growth
- A.5.3.4.2.1
- A.5.3.4.2.2
- A.5.3.4.2.3
- A.5.3.4.2.4
- A.5.3.4.2.5
- A.5.3.4.2.6
- A.5.3.4.3 DHC crack growth during sustained con...
- A.5.3.4.3.1
- A.5.3.4.3.2
- A.5.3.4.3.3
- A.5.3.4.3.4
- A.5.3.4.3.5
- A.5.3.4.4 DHC crack growth during a cool-down t...
- A.5.3.4.4.1
- A.5.3.4.4.2
- A.5.3.4.4.3
- A.5.3.4.4.4
- A.5.3.4.4.5
- A.5.3.4.4.6
- A.5.3.4.4.7
- + A.5.4 Fracture initiation evaluation
- A.5.4.1 General
- A.5.4.2 Axial flaw
- A.5.4.3 Circumferential flaw
- + A.5.5 Plastic collapse evaluation
- A.5.5.1 General
- + A.5.5.2 Axial flaw
- A.5.5.2.1
- A.5.5.2.2
- A.5.5.2.3
- + A.5.5.3 Circumferential flaw
- A.5.5.3.1 General
- A.5.5.3.2 Plastic collapse evaluation for prima...
- A.5.5.3.2.1
- A.5.5.3.2.2
- A.5.5.3.2.3
- A.5.5.3.3 Plastic collapse evaluation for prima...
- A.5.5.3.3.1
- A.5.5.3.3.2
- A.5.5.3.3.3
- A.5.5.3.4 Plastic collapse evaluation in accord...
- A.6 Evaluation of volumetric flaws
- A.6.1 General
- + A.6.2 Fatigue crack initiation evaluation
- A.6.2.1 General
- A.6.2.2 Fatigue crack initiation evaluation cur...
- + A.6.2.3 Alternating peak stress
- A.6.2.3.1 General
- A.6.2.3.2 Alternating peak stress based on stre...
- A.6.2.3.3 Alternating peak stress based on elas...
- A.6.2.3.3.1 General
- A.6.2.3.3.2 Elastic stress concentration factor...
- A.6.2.3.3.3 Elastic stress concentration factor...
- + A.6.2.4 Cumulative usage factor evaluation
- A.6.2.4.1
- A.6.2.4.2
- A.6.2.4.3
- A.6.2.4.4
- A.6.2.4.5
- A.6.2.4.6
- A.6.2.4.7
- + A.6.3 DHC and hydrided region overload crack in...
- + A.6.3.1 Overview of DHC and hydrided region ove...
- A.6.3.1.1 General
- A.6.3.1.1.1
- A.6.3.1.1.2
- A.6.3.1.1.3
- A.6.3.1.1.4
- A.6.3.1.1.5
- A.6.3.1.1.6
- A.6.3.1.1.7
- A.6.3.1.1.8
- A.6.3.1.1.9
- A.6.3.1.1.10
- A.6.3.1.2 Peak stress or explicit process-zone ...
- A.6.3.1.3 Peak stress or explicit process-zone ...
- + A.6.3.2 Peak flaw-tip stress calculation
- A.6.3.2.1 General
- A.6.3.2.2 Elastic peak flaw-tip stress calculat...
- A.6.3.2.3 Elastic peak flaw-tip stress calculat...
- A.6.3.2.4 Peak flaw-tip stress calculation base...
- A.6.3.2.4.1
- A.6.3.2.4.2
- A.6.3.2.4.3
- + A.6.3.3 Evaluation of flaw-tip hydride precipit...
- A.6.3.3.1 General
- A.6.3.3.2 Evaluation of flaw-tip hydride dissol...
- A.6.3.3.2.1
- A.6.3.3.2.2
- A.6.3.3.2.3
- A.6.3.3.3 Evaluation of flaw-tip hydride precip...
- A.6.3.3.3.1
- A.6.3.3.3.2
- A.6.3.3.3.3
- A.6.3.3.4 Evaluation of flaw-tip hydride dissol...
- A.6.3.3.4.1
- A.6.3.3.4.2
- A.6.3.3.4.3
- + A.6.3.4 DHC initiation evaluation based on thre...
- A.6.3.4.1 General
- A.6.3.4.2 Bearing pad fretting flaw
- A.6.3.4.3 Debris fretting flaw
- A.6.3.4.4 Peak principal flaw-tip stress
- A.6.3.4.5 Acceptance criteria
- A.6.3.4.5.1
- A.6.3.4.5.2
- + A.6.3.5 DHC initiation evaluation based on expl...
- A.6.3.5.1 General
- A.6.3.5.2 Flaw-tip stress distribution
- A.6.3.5.2.1 General
- A.6.3.5.2.2 Generic elastic flaw-tip stress dis...
- A.6.3.5.2.3 Flaw-tip stress distribution based ...
- A.6.3.5.3 DHC initiation evaluation based on en...
- A.6.3.5.3.1 Procedure for flaw-tip hydride ratc...
- A.6.3.5.3.2 Cubic polynomial stress distributio...
- A.6.3.5.3.3 Process-zone length
- A.6.3.5.3.4 Process-zone displacement
- A.6.3.5.3.5 Procedure for flaw-tip hydride non-...
- A.6.3.5.4 Threshold peak stress based on engine...
- A.6.3.5.4.1
- A.6.3.5.4.2
- A.6.3.5.4.3
- A.6.3.5.4.4
- A.6.3.5.4.5
- A.6.3.5.4.6
- A.6.3.5.4.7
- A.6.3.5.4.8
- A.6.3.5.4.9
- A.6.3.5.5 DHC initiation evaluation based on pr...
- A.6.3.5.5.1 Procedure for flaw-tip hydride ratc...
- A.6.3.5.5.2 Weight functions for cracks at blun...
- A.6.3.5.5.3 Process-zone length
- A.6.3.5.5.4 Process-zone displacement
- A.6.3.5.5.5 Validity limits on weight functions...
- A.6.3.5.5.6 Application to V-notches with inter...
- A.6.3.5.5.7 Procedure for flaw-tip hydride non-...
- A.6.3.5.6 Evaluation of secondary flaw signific...
- + A.6.3.6 Evaluation of hydrided region overload ...
- A.6.3.6.1 General
- A.6.3.6.2 Assessing hydrided region overload cr...
- A.6.3.6.3 Assessing hydrided region overload cr...
- A.6.3.6.3.1 General
- A.6.3.6.3.2 No flaw-tip hydride exists at the s...
- A.6.3.6.3.3 Flaw-tip hydride exists at the star...
- A.6.4 Plastic collapse evaluation
- Table A.1 Classification of stresses
- Table A.2 Influence coefficients Gj for the st...
- Table A.3 Geometry factor Fax for the stress i...
- Table A.4 Influence coefficients Gj for the st...
- Table A.5 Geometry factor Fcr for the stress i...
- Table A.6 Coefficients used in process-zone mo...
- Table A.7 Notch flank angle factors used in pr...
- Table A.8 Non-dimensional constant coefficient...
- Table A.9 Coefficients for Mode II displacemen...
- Table A.10 Validity limits of weight functions...
- Figure A.1 Flow chart for flaw characterizatio...
- Figure A.2 Planar flaw in a pressure tube
- Figure A.3 Illustration of planar dimensions o...
- Figure A.4 Illustration of planar dimensions o...
- Figure A.5 Flaw proximity evaluation of planar...
- Figure A.6 Bearing pad fretting flaw in a pres...
- Figure A.7 Bearing pad fretting flaw at rolled...
- Figure A.8 Debris fretting flaw in a pressure ...
- Figure A.9 Determination of planar dimensions ...
- Figure A.10 Flaw proximity evaluation of volum...
- Figure A.11 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.12 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.13 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.14 Determination of volumetric dimens...
- Figure A.15 Illustration of a secondary flaw o...
- Figure A.16 a) Illustration of a root radius ρ...
- Figure A.16 b) Illustration of a root radius ρ...
- Figure A.17 Illustration of a root radius ρ fo...
- Figure A.18 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.19 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.20 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.21 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.22 Characterization of volumetric fla...
- Figure A.23 Schematic illustration of determin...
- Figure A.24 Schematic illustration of determin...
- Figure A.25 Schematic illustration of determin...
- Figure A.26 Illustration of sectioning a react...
- Figure A.27 Illustrative flow chart for DHC in...
- Figure A.28 Illustration of method of superpos...
- Figure A.29 Illustration of a hydrided region/...
- Figure A.30 Characterization of flaw in local ...
- Figure A.31 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.32 Example of bounding dimensions of ...
- Figure A.33 Illustrative flow chart for cool-d...
- Figure A.34 Illustrative flow chart for non-co...
- Figure A.35 Example sequencing of Service Leve...
- Figure A.36 Flow chart of process‐zone evaluat...
- + Annex B (informative)
- Procedures for the evaluation of pressure tube...
- B.1 Introduction
- B.1.1 General
- B.1.2 Summary of evaluation procedures
- B.1.3 Symbols
- B.2 Evaluation procedures
- + B.2.1 Classification of operating conditions
- B.2.1.1 Classification requirements
- B.2.1.2 Limited operating condition
- B.2.1.3 Sustained operating condition
- + B.2.2 Evaluation of pressure tubes left in cont...
- B.2.2.1 General
- + B.2.2.2 Evaluation for sustained operating cond...
- B.2.2.2.1
- B.2.2.2.2
- B.2.2.2.3
- B.2.2.2.4
- B.2.2.2.5
- B.2.2.2.6
- + B.2.2.3 Evaluation for limited operating condit...
- B.2.2.3.1 General
- B.2.2.3.2 Evaluation for BFT for limited operat...
- B.2.2.3.3 Evaluation for blister growth for lim...
- B.2.2.3.3.1
- B.2.2.3.3.2
- B.2.2.3.3.3
- B.2.2.3.3.4
- B.2.2.3.3.5
- + B.2.3 Evaluation of pressure tubes removed from...
- B.2.3.1 General
- + B.2.3.2 Evaluation for sustained operating cond...
- B.2.3.2.1 General
- B.2.3.2.2 Evaluation for BFT for sustained oper...
- B.2.3.2.3 Evaluation for blister growth for sus...
- + B.2.3.3 Evaluation for limited operating condit...
- B.2.3.3.1 General
- B.2.3.3.2 Evaluation for BFT for limited operat...
- B.2.3.3.3 Evaluation for blister growth for lim...
- + Annex C (informative)
- Procedures for the assessment of a reactor cor...
- C.1 Introduction
- C.1.1 General
- C.1.2 Summary of evaluation procedures
- C.1.3 Symbols and abbreviations
- C.2 Evaluation of service conditions for protec...
- C.2.1 General
- + C.2.2 Deterministic method
- C.2.2.1 General
- + C.2.2.2 Postulated flaw
- C.2.2.2.1 General
- C.2.2.2.2 Postulated flaw type
- C.2.2.2.2.1
- C.2.2.2.2.2
- C.2.2.2.2.3
- C.2.2.2.3 Postulated flaw size
- C.2.2.2.3.1
- C.2.2.2.3.2
- C.2.2.2.3.3
- + C.2.2.3 Evaluation of postulated flaw stability...
- C.2.2.3.1 Flaw stability line
- C.2.2.3.2 Pressure at onset of flaw instability...
- C.2.2.3.2.1 General
- C.2.2.3.2.2 Postulated part-through-wall flaw
- C.2.2.3.2.3 Postulated through-wall flaw
- C.2.3 Probabilistic method
- C.2.4 Evaluation criteria
- C.3 Assessment of the reactor core
- C.3.1 General
- C.3.2 Bounding pressure tube analysis for asses...
- + C.3.3 Probabilistic reactor core assessment
- + C.3.3.1 Evaluation of failure frequency
- C.3.3.1.1 General
- C.3.3.1.2 Maximum allowable failure frequency
- C.3.3.1.3 Calculated failure frequency from a s...
- C.3.3.1.4 Calculated failure frequency from all...
- + C.3.3.2 Probabilistic core assessment of failur...
- C.3.3.2.1 General
- C.3.3.2.2 Probabilistic core assessment for pre...
- C.3.3.2.2.1 General
- C.3.3.2.2.2 Input variables
- C.3.3.2.2.3 Core simulation and evaluation proc...
- C.3.3.2.3 Probabilistic core assessment for pre...
- C.4 Evaluation procedures for LBB assessments
- C.4.1 General
- + C.4.2 Deterministic method for LBB
- C.4.2.1 General
- + C.4.2.2 Input and calculated quantities for LBB...
- C.4.2.2.1 General
- C.4.2.2.2 Maximum crack length at penetration (...
- C.4.2.2.3 Axial DHC growth rate
- C.4.2.2.4 Critical crack length
- C.4.2.2.5 Leak rate equation
- C.4.2.2.6 Station response to moisture in AGS
- C.4.2.2.7 Calculated length of a growing crack
- C.4.2.3 Sequence of events for deterministic LB...
- + C.4.3 Probabilistic method for LBB
- C.4.3.1 General
- C.4.3.2 Probabilistic LBB evaluation based on p...
- C.4.3.3 Integrated probabilistic core evaluatio...
- C.5 Estimation of probability of observing a su...
- C.5.1 General
- C.5.2 Evaluation of fracture toughness
- + C.5.3 Evaluation of DHC growth rate
- C.5.3.1 Radial DHC growth rate
- C.5.3.2 Axial DHC growth rate
- C.5.4 Evaluation of threshold stress intensity ...
- Table C.1 Summary of allowable pressure tube f...
- Figure C.1 Flow chart summarizing the relation...
- Figure C.2 Flow chart summarizing the relation...
- Figure C.3 Illustrative example of flaw stabil...
- Figure C.4 Flow chart of procedure for estimat...
- Figure C.5 Flow chart of procedure for estimat...
- Figure C.6 Flow chart of procedure for estimat...
- + Annex D (informative)
- Material properties and derived quantities
- D.1 Introduction
- D.1.1 General
- D.1.2 Summary of material properties and derive...
- D.1.3 Symbols and abbreviations for Clause D.13...
- D.2 Terminal solid solubility (TSS)
- D.2.1 General
- D.2.2 Terminal solid solubility for hydrogen di...
- D.2.3 Terminal solid solubility for hydrogen pr...
- + D.2.4 Hydrogen concentration for DHC initiation...
- D.2.4.1 Cooling with isothermal hold
- D.2.4.2 Continuous cooling
- + D.3 Mechanical properties
- D.3.1 General
- D.3.2 Unirradiated material yield stress and ul...
- D.3.3 Partially irradiated material yield stres...
- + D.3.4 Fully irradiated material yield stress an...
- D.3.4.1 General
- D.3.4.2 Axial lower-bound properties
- D.3.4.3 Transverse lower-bound properties
- D.3.4.4 Validity limits
- D.3.5 Material flow stress
- D.3.6 Elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio
- D.4 Fatigue crack initiation
- D.4.1 General
- + D.4.2 Fatigue crack initiation curves for axial...
- D.4.2.1 Deterministic fatigue crack initiation ...
- + D.4.2.2 Interim statistically based fatigue cra...
- D.4.2.2.1 Mean predicted load cycles to fatigue...
- D.4.2.2.2 Full multi-variable prediction bounds...
- D.4.2.2.3 Validity limits
- D.4.3 Fatigue crack initiation curve for circum...
- D.5 Crack initiation from hydrided regions
- D.5.1 DHC initiation at a planar surface
- D.5.2 Critical process-zone displacement for DH...
- + D.5.3 Threshold peak stress for DHC initiation ...
- D.5.3.1 Lower-bound threshold peak stress for D...
- + D.5.3.2 Closed-form engineering relation for th...
- D.5.3.2.1 Threshold peak stress under flaw-tip ...
- D.5.3.2.2 Threshold peak stress under flaw-tip ...
- D.5.3.2.3 Validity limits
- + D.5.4 Critical elastic peak stress for crack in...
- + D.5.4.1 Best-estimate prediction of critical el...
- D.5.4.1.1 Best-estimate prediction at room temp...
- D.5.4.1.2 Best-estimate prediction at elevated ...
- + D.5.4.2 Prediction bounds on critical elastic p...
- D.5.4.2.1 Prediction bounds at room temperature...
- D.5.4.2.2 Prediction bounds at elevated tempera...
- D.5.4.3 Validity limits on evaluation condition...
- D.6 Threshold stress intensity factor for DHC
- D.6.1 General
- D.6.2 Radial-axial threshold stress intensity f...
- D.6.3 Radial-transverse threshold stress intens...
- D.6.4 Threshold stress intensity factor versus ...
- D.7 Hydride blister formation and growth
- D.7.1 General
- D.7.2 Blister formation
- D.7.3 Blister growth
- D.7.4 Maximum allowable equivalent blister dept...
- D.8 Fracture initiation toughness
- D.8.1 General
- D.8.2 Radial-axial fracture initiation toughnes...
- D.8.3 Radial-transverse fracture initiation tou...
- D.9 Fatigue crack growth rate
- D.10 DHC growth rate
- D.10.1 General
- + D.10.2 Radial crack growth rate, Vr
- + D.10.2.1 Calculation procedures
- D.10.2.1.1 Mean DHC growth rate
- D.10.2.1.2 Engineering prediction bounds on DHC...
- D.10.2.1.3 General prediction bounds on DHC gro...
- D.10.2.2 Validity limits
- + D.10.3 Axial crack growth rate, Va
- + D.10.3.1 Calculation procedures
- D.10.3.1.1 Best-estimate prediction of DHC grow...
- D.10.3.1.2 Engineering prediction bounds on DHC...
- D.10.3.1.3 General prediction bounds on DHC gro...
- D.10.3.2 Validity limits on explanatory variabl...
- D.11 Axial crack length at first through-wall p...
- D.11.1 General
- D.11.2 Fuel bundle bearing pad fretting flaws
- D.11.3 Debris fretting flaws
- D.11.4 Crevice corrosion flaws and scores
- D.12 Leak rate
- D.13 Critical crack length
- D.13.1 General
- + D.13.2 Fracture toughness for axial through-wal...
- + D.13.2.1 Calculation procedure
- D.13.2.2 Fracture toughness for levels of Heq o...
- D.13.2.2.1 Lower-bound fracture toughness
- D.13.2.2.2 Statistically based fracture toughne...
- D.13.2.2.3 Lower 90th percentile of fracture to...
- + D.13.2.3 Revision 2 fracture toughness model fo...
- D.13.2.3.1 Applicability
- D.13.2.3.2 Statistically based fracture toughne...
- D.13.2.3.2.1 General
- D.13.2.3.2.2 Overview of calculation of statist...
- D.13.2.3.2.3 Transition to upper-shelf fracture...
- D.13.2.3.2.4 Best-estimate prediction of fractu...
- a) Best-estimate prediction of cohesive-zone ...
- b) Best-estimate prediction of upper-shelf fr...
- D.13.2.3.2.5 Engineering prediction intervals f...
- a) Engineering prediction intervals for cohes...
- b) Engineering prediction interval for upper-...
- D.13.2.3.2.6 Engineering prediction bounds for ...
- a) Engineering prediction bounds for cohesive...
- b) Engineering prediction bounds for upper-sh...
- D.13.2.3.2.7 Multi-variable prediction interval...
- a) Multi-variable prediction intervals for co...
- b) Multi-variable prediction interval for upp...
- D.13.2.3.2.8 Multi-variable prediction bounds f...
- a) Multi-variable prediction bounds for cohes...
- b) Multi-variable prediction bounds for upper...
- D.13.2.4 Effect of irradiation
- + D.13.3 Instability of axial through-wall crack
- D.13.3.1 General
- D.13.3.2 Calculation of CCL
- D.13.3.3 Calculation of critical hoop stress
- Table D.1 Summary of material properties and d...
- Table D.2 Summary of applicable tables and equ...
- Table D.3 Lower-bound axial tensile properties...
- Table D.4 Lower-bound transverse tensile prope...
- Table D.5 Transverse elastic modulus and Poiss...
- Table D.6 Statistically based fatigue crack in...
- Table D.7 Tabulated fatigue crack initiation e...
- Table D.8 Lower-bound threshold peak flaw-tip ...
- Table D.9 Parameters C1, C2, C3, Cβ, Cβc, and ...
- Table D.10 a) Critical elastic peak stress for...
- Table D.10 b) Critical elastic peak stress for...
- Table D.10 c) Critical elastic peak stress for...
- Table D.11 BFTs for Bruce NGS A, ppm
- Table D.12 BFTs for Bruce NGS B, ppm
- Table D.13 BFTs for Pickering NGS A (LSFCR*), ...
- Table D.14 BFTs for Pickering NGS B, ppm
- Table D.15 BFTs for Darlington NGS, CANDU-6, p...
- Table D.16 Blister growth rates for Bruce NGS ...
- Table D.17 Blister growth rates for Bruce NGS ...
- Table D.18 Blister growth rates for Pickering ...
- Table D.19 Blister growth rates for Pickering ...
- Table D.20 Blister growth rates for CANDU 6, 1...
- Table D.21 Fatigue crack growth constants for ...
- Table D.22 Radial DHC growth rate — Matrix (XT...
- Table D.23 Radial DHC growth rate — Validity l...
- Table D.24 a) Axial DHC growth rate — Engineer...
- Table D.24 b) Axial DHC growth rate — Quantile...
- Table D.25 a) Axial DHC growth rate — Paramete...
- Table D.25 b) Axial DHC growth rate — Componen...
- Table D.25 c) Axial DHC growth rate — Validity...
- Table D.26 Normalizing constants used in Revis...
- Table D.27 Validity limits for predictor varia...
- Table D.28 Parameters for temperature of compl...
- Table D.29 Parameters for best-estimate predic...
- Table D.30 Parameters for prediction bounds fo...
- Table D.31 Parameters in representative mixtur...
- Table D.32 Variance-covariance matrix, ΞCZ, fo...
- Table D.33 Reference variance-covariance matri...
- Figure D.1 Deterministic fatigue crack initiat...
- Figure D.2 Fatigue crack initiation evaluation...
- Figure D.3 Fatigue crack growth rates in water...
- Figure D.4 Generalized crack shape for through...
- Figure D.5 Lower-bound fracture toughness and ...
- Figure D.6 Plot of CCL versus hoop stress for ...
- + Annex E (informative)
- Notification of in-service evaluation form
- + Annex F (informative)
- Guidance on calculating the maximum allowable ...
- F.1 Introduction
- F.1.1 General
- F.1.2 Prerequisites
- F.1.3 Required information
- F.1.4 Symbols and abbreviations
- F.2 Calculation of CSCDP
- F.3 Calculation of Hall
- + Annex G (informative)
- Enhanced uncertainty analysis in probabilistic...
- G.1 Introduction
- G.1.1 General
- G.1.2 Elements of enhanced uncertainty analysis...
- G.1.3 Definitions
- G.1.4 Symbols and abbreviations
- G.2 Methodology for performing enhanced uncerta...
- + G.2.1 Applicability of enhanced uncertainty ana...
- G.2.1.1 Conditions when enhanced uncertainty an...
- G.2.1.2 Use of previously performed enhanced un...
- + G.2.2 Identification of influential input varia...
- G.2.2.1 Approaches to identification of influen...
- + G.2.2.2 Methods of sensitivity analysis
- G.2.2.2.1
- G.2.2.2.2
- + G.2.2.3 Other considerations
- G.2.2.3.1
- G.2.2.3.2
- G.2.2.3.3
- G.2.2.3.4
- G.2.2.3.5
- + G.2.3 Characterization of uncertainties and res...
- + G.2.3.1 General
- G.2.3.1.1
- G.2.3.1.2
- G.2.3.1.3
- + G.2.3.2 Components of uncertainties
- G.2.3.2.1
- G.2.3.2.2
- G.2.3.2.3
- G.2.3.2.4
- G.2.3.2.5
- + G.2.3.3 Characterization of uncertainties
- G.2.3.3.1
- G.2.3.3.2
- G.2.3.3.3
- + G.2.3.4 Characterization of residual correlatio...
- G.2.3.4.1
- G.2.3.4.2
- G.2.3.4.3
- + G.2.4 Use of expert judgment
- G.2.4.1 Limitations
- G.2.4.2 Expert judgment process
- G.2.4.3 Provision of expert opinions
- G.2.4.4 Integration of expert opinions
- + G.2.5 Incorporation of enhanced uncertainty ana...
- G.2.5.1 General
- G.2.5.2 Incorporation options
- + G.2.5.3 Uncertainty propagation
- G.2.5.3.1
- G.2.5.3.2
- G.2.5.3.3
- G.2.5.3.4
- G.2.5.3.5
- G.2.6 Reporting results of enhanced uncertainty...
- Table G.1 Typical components of uncertainties ...
- Figure G.1 Flow chart for enhanced uncertainty...
- + Annex H (informative)
- Acceptable number of simulations for probabili...
- H.1 Introduction
- H.2 Convergence
- H.2.1 General
- H.2.2 Distributed input variables
- + H.2.3 Convergence criterion
- H.2.3.1 General
- H.2.3.2 Convergence for specific types of proba...
- H.2.3.3 Convergence criterion based on evaluati...
- H.2.4 Review of output
- H.3 Limitations
- Table H.1 Acceptance criteria minimum number o...
- + Annex I (informative)
- Procedures for probabilistic evaluation of fra...
- I.1 Introduction
- I.1.1 General
- I.1.2 Summary of evaluation procedures
- + I.1.3 Symbols and abbreviations
- I.1.3.1 Abbreviations
- I.1.3.2 Symbols
- I.2 Procedures to determine conditional probabi...
- I.2.1 General
- I.2.2 Procedure for evaluation of the reactor c...
- I.2.3 Procedure for evaluation of a single pres...
- + I.2.4 Supporting input information
- I.2.4.1 Time interval of exposure of flaw with ...
- + I.2.4.2 Probability of occurrence of transients...
- I.2.4.2.1 Probability of occurrence of transien...
- I.2.4.2.2 Probability of occurrence of transien...
- I.2.4.3 Evaluation of pressure tube rupture
- I.2.4.4 Repeat sampling
- I.3 Procedures to calculate frequencies of pres...
- I.3.1 General
- + I.3.3 Procedure to calculate frequency of press...
- I.3.3.2 Method 2 for calculation of frequency o...
- I.4 Procedures to calculate cumulative reliabil...
- I.4.1 General
- + I.4.2 Procedure to calculate cumulative reliabi...
- I.4.2.1 Method 1 for calculation of cumulative ...
- I.4.2.2 Method 2 for calculation of cumulative ...
- I.4.3 Procedure to calculate cumulative reliabi...
1.1 General
This Standard specifies the technical requirements for the owner/operator to evaluate cold-worked Zr-2.5 wt% Nb alloy pressure tubes in operating CANDU reactors for continued operation. Clause 13 of CSA N285.0/N285.6 Series requires that when in-service inspection results or material surveillance results do not satisfy the requirements of the original inspection program, a fitness-for-service evaluation must be performed in accordance with CSA N285.4 to demonstrate acceptance. The requirements of this Standard address the specific fitness-for-service evaluation requirements of CSA N285.4, Clause 12.
1.2 Application to pressure tube material type
This Standard applies only to cold-worked Zr-2.5 wt% Nb alloy pressure tubes in operating CANDU reactors and to evaluation of the volumetric inspection results, pressure tube to calandria tube contact, and material surveillance measurements listed herein. The definition of pressure tube material types within the scope of this Standard is provided in CSA N285.6.1.
1.3 Application exclusions
This Standard does not apply to evaluation of pressure tube dimensional changes (other than pressure tube to calandria tube contact), material property surveillance measurements beyond those defined in CSA N285.4, or other reactor types. This Standard does not apply to pressure tube materials other than cold-worked Zr-2.5 wt% Nb.
1.4 Application of standard to lifecycle phases
The requirements of this Standard are applicable to the operational phase of a nuclear power plant, until the fuel is removed from the entire reactor core and up to the time at which systems for cooling of the fuel are drained for the purpose of refurbishment or decommissioning of the reactor core.
This Standard is not applicable to the decommissioning phase of the nuclear power plant life cycle.
1.5 Terminology
In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.
Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.
Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.
Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.
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