Draft Details
- Safety standard for lift trucks (New Edition)
- Draft Standard
- Legal Notice for Draft Standards
- Preface
- + 1 Scope
- 1.1 General
- 1.2 Description
- 1.3
- 1.4
- 1.5
- 1.6
- 1.7
- 1.8
- 1.9 Units of measure
- 1.10 Terms
- 2 Reference publications
- 3 Definitions
- + 4 General requirements
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Legislative requirements
- 4.3 Safety program
- 4.4 Hazard identification
- + 4.5 Operating environment
- + 4.5.1 Hazardous locations
- 4.5.1.1 Determining hazard classification of at...
- 4.5.1.2 Compliance requirements for lift trucks...
- 4.5.1.3 Marking lift trucks and areas of use
- + 4.5.2 Ventilation
- 4.5.2.1 Ventilation requirements for enclosed a...
- 4.5.2.2 Referral to qualified person for concen...
- + 4.5.3 Lighting
- 4.5.3.1 Controlled lighting in operating areas
- 4.5.3.2 Responsibility for equipping lift truck...
- 4.5.4 Noise
- + 4.5.5 Facility design and traffic management
- 4.5.5.1 Facility design
- 4.5.5.2 Traffic management
- + 4.5.6 Aisles and obstructions
- 4.5.6.1 Marking and defining
- 4.5.6.2 Guarding and marking of protrusions in ...
- + 4.5.6.3 Clearances
- 4.5.6.3.1 Overhead clearance requirements for m...
- 4.5.6.3.2 Side clearance requirements for mater...
- 4.5.6.3.3 Exemptions for motorized material han...
- 4.5.7 General ergonomic principles
- + 4.6 Lift truck selection criteria
- 4.6.1 General
- 4.6.2 Use of lifting equipment to handle lift t...
- 4.7 Pre-use of a lift truck in a workplace
- + 4.8 General safety practices
- 4.8.1 Introduction
- 4.8.2 General safety practices for lift-truck u...
- 4.8.3 General safety practices for operators
- + 4.8.4 Safety guards
- + 4.8.4.1 Overhead guards
- 4.8.4.1.1 Overhead guard requirements for high ...
- 4.8.4.1.2 Specification of stronger guard under...
- + 4.8.4.2 Load backrest extension
- 4.8.4.2.1 Requirements for equipping lift truck...
- 4.8.4.2.2 Use of load backrest extension for op...
- 4.8.4.3 Operator compartment guards
- + 4.8.5 Warning devices
- 4.8.5.1 Requirements for sound-producing device...
- 4.8.5.2 Requirement for additional warning devi...
- + 4.8.6 Stability
- 4.8.6.1 Stability requirements for high lift tr...
- 4.8.6.2 Conditions affecting stability
- 4.8.6.3 Battery weight specifications for elect...
- 4.8.6.4 Consideration for special operating con...
- 4.8.6.5 Establishing user-specific stability re...
- 4.8.6.6 Safety considerations for operating hig...
- 4.8.6.7 Handling of suspended loads by crane or...
- + 4.8.7 Modifications, nameplates, markings, and ...
- 4.8.7.1 Approval for modifications and addition...
- 4.8.7.2 Marking requirements for trucks with fr...
- 4.8.7.3 User responsibilities for truck mainten...
- + 4.8.8 Stopping distance (descending grades)
- 4.8.8.1 Descending grade stopping distance comp...
- + 4.9 Safe operating procedures
- 4.9.1 Preoperation inspection
- + 4.9.2 Start-up
- 4.9.2.1 Pre-operation procedures for lift truck...
- 4.9.2.2 Prohibition of operation from non-stand...
- 4.9.2.3 Operator restraint system
- + 4.9.3 Travelling
- 4.9.3.1 General
- 4.9.3.2 Motorized hand truck operation
- 4.9.3.3 Precautions for operating low lift orde...
- 4.9.3.4 Simultaneous operation of wheel brake p...
- 4.9.3.5 Differential lock usage in rough terrai...
- 4.9.3.6 Special care for rough terrain lift tru...
- 4.9.3.7 Steering handwheel and knob configurati...
- 4.9.3.8 Use and specifications of steering knob...
- 4.9.3.9 Operator safety guidelines for truck op...
- 4.9.3.10 Prohibition of passenger
- 4.9.3.11 Safe distance measures
- 4.9.4 Pedestrians
- + 4.9.5 Load handling
- 4.9.5.1 Ensuring unobstructed access to fire sa...
- 4.9.5.2 Handling of loads for safety
- 4.9.5.3 Safe transportation and storage of load...
- 4.9.5.4 Handling and transporting loads safely
- 4.9.5.5 Handling and operating trucks with atta...
- 4.9.5.6 Engagement and stabilization of load
- 4.9.5.7 Removal of loads from storage areas
- 4.9.5.8 Guidelines for tilting and stabilizing ...
- 4.9.5.9 Avoidance of contact with overhead inst...
- 4.9.5.10 Improper use of stabilizer controls in...
- 4.9.5.11 Lateral levelling guidelines for rough...
- + 4.9.6 Dockboards (bridge plates)
- 4.9.6.1 Carrying capacity marking for portable ...
- 4.9.6.2 Securing measures for portable dockboar...
- 4.9.6.3 Provision of handholds and fork loops o...
- 4.9.6.4 High friction surface design for dockbo...
- 4.9.6.5 Design and maintenance of dockboards
- + 4.9.7 Trucks, shipping containers, and railroad...
- 4.9.7.1 Prevention of unintentional movement of...
- 4.9.7.2 Prevention of railroad car movement dur...
- 4.9.7.3 Use of nose support systems for lift tr...
- 4.9.7.4 Proper use of lift trucks for moving ra...
- 4.9.7.5 Use and design of lift truck for railro...
- 4.9.8 Ramps and grades
- + 4.9.9 Elevating personnel
- + 4.9.9.1 Protection and requirements for lifting...
- 4.9.9.1.1 Protection of personnel on high lift ...
- 4.9.9.1.2 Requirements for supplementary platfo...
- 4.9.9.1.3 Use of rough terrain lift truck for l...
- + 4.9.9.2 Precautions for elevating personnel usi...
- 4.9.9.2.1 Precautions for elevating personnel u...
- 4.9.9.2.2 Use of supplementary platform on high...
- 4.9.9.2.3 Material placement and load capacity ...
- + 4.9.9.3 Work Platforms
- 4.9.9.3.1 Precautions for work platforms on tru...
- 4.9.9.3.2 Work platform design and attachment r...
- 4.9.9.3.3 Work platform operation guidelines fo...
- 4.9.9.3.4 Work platform usage guidelines for pe...
- 4.9.10 Elevators
- 4.9.11 Shutdown procedures
- + 4.9.12 Leaving the operator's position
- 4.9.12.1 Versatility and multiple uses of lift ...
- 4.9.12.2 Operator's responsibilities when leavi...
- + 4.9.13 Fuel handling and storage
- 4.9.13.1 Storage and handling of liquid fuels a...
- 4.9.13.2 Storage and handling of LP gas fuel co...
- 4.9.13.3 Refuelling a fixed LP gas cylinder
- 4.9.13.4 Changing a removable LP gas cylinder
- 4.9.13.5 Storage and handling of Hydrogen gas, ...
- 4.9.13.5.1 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Refuelling
- 4.9.14 Changing and charging storage batteries ...
- + 4.10 Lift truck operator medical and physical r...
- 4.10.1 Physical and mental capability requireme...
- 4.10.2 Prohibition of lift truck operation unde...
- + 5 Design and construction
- 5.1 Low lift and high lift powered lift trucks
- 5.2 Rough terrain forklift trucks
- 5.3 Personnel and burden carrier trucks
- 5.4 Operator controlled industrial tow tractors...
- 5.5 Manually propelled high lift trucks
- 5.6 Vehicle mounted forklift trucks
- 5.7 Ergonomic design considerations
- 5.8 Operator restraint devices and fall protect...
- + 6 Operator training requirements
- + 6.1 General
- 6.1.1 Lift truck training program requirements
- 6.1.1.1 Comprehensive lift truck safety program...
- 6.1.2 Instruction and evaluation methods for li...
- 6.1.3 Instruction on safe operational procedure...
- 6.1.4 Expansion or abbreviation of lift truck t...
- 6.1.5 Training session duration and delivery re...
- 6.1.6 Evaluation of trainee's learning process
- 6.2 Legislation
- 6.3 Company policies and procedures
- 6.4 Operating manual
- 6.5 Lift truck features and safety equipment
- 6.6 Stability
- 6.7 Capacity plate and location
- 6.8 Preoperational inspection
- 6.9 Start-up
- 6.10 Travelling with and without a load
- 6.11 Safe operation around pedestrians
- + 6.12 Load handling
- 6.12.1 Load selection, security, and integrity
- 6.12.2 Load pickup and placement
- 6.12.3 Stacking/destacking
- 6.12.4 Workplace specific operation
- 6.12.4.1 Docks, trucks, shipping containers, an...
- 6.12.4.2 Ramps and grades
- 6.12.4.3 Personnel lifting, lowering, and suppo...
- 6.12.4.4 Elevators
- 6.16 Workplace-specific hazards
- + 6.17 Procedures for shutdown/leaving the operat...
- 6.17.1 Shutdown
- 6.17.2 Leaving the operator's position
- + 6.18 Refuelling/recharging
- 6.18.1 General
- 6.18.2 Propane cylinder exchange
- 6.18.3 Refuelling other fuels (diesel, gasoline...
- 6.18.4 Battery recharging/exchange
- 6.19 Practical skills training
- + 6.20 Evaluations
- 6.20.1 General
- 6.20.2 Knowledge verification
- 6.20.3 Practical skills evaluation
- + 6.21 Retraining and upgrade training
- 6.21.1 Retraining
- 6.21.2 Upgrade training
- 6.22 Operator qualification
- + 7 Qualifications of the lift truck trainer
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Qualifications
- 7.3 Knowledge
- 7.4 Operating skills
- 7.5 Instructional skills and abilities
- + 8 Maintenance and repair practices
- + 8.1 General
- 8.1.1 Conducting maintenance and inspections
- 8.1.2 Guidelines for inspection and maintenance...
- 8.1.3 Maintenance and inspection of lift trucks...
- 8.1.4 Hazards during inspections and repairs
- + 8.2 Inspections
- 8.2.1 Types of inspection
- 8.2.2 Preoperation inspection
- 8.2.3 Service report inspections
- + 8.3 Precautions before starting inspections
- 8.3.1 Safe lifting and component removal for tr...
- 8.3.2 Precautions for truck inspection and repa...
- 8.3.3 Truck operation and safety procedures
- 8.3.4 Fire hazards and protection equipment in ...
- 8.3.5 Work area ventilation and cleanliness req...
- 8.3.6 Handling and care of LP gas cylinders
- 8.3.7 Inspection and maintenance of vehicle com...
- + 8.4 Inspection and repair of forks in service o...
- 8.4.1 General
- 8.4.2 Inspection
- + 8.4.3 Repair and testing
- 8.4.3.1 Repair
- 8.4.3.2 Test loading
- + 8.5 Additional maintenance and repair precautio...
- 8.5.1 Maintenance of special trucks and devices...
- 8.5.2 Inspection and correction of fuel system ...
- 8.5.3 Inspection and maintenance of hydraulic s...
- 8.5.4 Maintenance of manufacturer's instruction...
- 8.5.5 Inspection and maintenance of electrical ...
- 8.5.6 Battery connector contact replacement pro...
- 8.5.7 Truck cleanliness and maintenance for fir...
- 8.5.8 Modifications and additions affecting cap...
- 8.5.9 Interchangeability and quality of replace...
- 8.5.10 Tire removal and assembly safety practic...
- 8.5.11 Replacement batteries for battery-electr...
- + 9 Competence of maintenance technicians
- 9.1 General
- 9.2 Qualifications to perform general maintenan...
- 9.3 Qualifications to determine load handling c...
- + Annex A (informative)
- Figure A.1
- Figure A.2
- Figure A.3
- Figure A.4
- Figure A.5
- Figure A.6
- + Annex B (informative)
- B.1 Classification of lift truck types
- Figure B.1
- Figure B.1.1. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.2. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.3. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.4. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.5. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.6. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.7. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.8. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.9. Illustration of lift truck type,...
- Figure B.1.10. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.11. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.12. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.13. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.14. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.15. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.16. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.17. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.18. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.19. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.20. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.21. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.22. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.23. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.24. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.25. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.26. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.27. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.28. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.29. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.30. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.31. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.32. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.33. Illustration of lift truck type...
- Figure B.1.34. Illustration of lift truck type...
- + Annex C (informative)
- C.1 General principles
- C.2 Working posture and operator compartment de...
- C.3 Visual considerations
- + C.4 Controls
- C.4.1 Hand controls
- C.4.2 Foot controls
- C.5 Operator restraints, including seatbelts
- C.6 Vibration
- C.7 Mounting and dismounting
- C.8 Maintenance and refuelling
- + Annex D (informative)
- D.1 Battery replacement and needs assessment
- D.2 Batteries
- D.3 Charging and charging room/area
- + Annex E (informative)
- E.1 General
- E.2 Classroom theory
- E.3 Practical training
- Annex F (informative)
- Annex G – Exclusion Zone (Informative Annex)
- + Annex H – Single use pallets (informative anne...
- H.1 General
- H.2 Single Use Pallet Design
- H.3 Rack storage
- H.4 Racking Standard references
1.1 General
This Standard applies to Class 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 powered lift trucks—their design, operation, and maintenance. In addition, certain clauses apply to Class 6 vehicles, non-powered high-lift trucks, and personnel and burden carriers. See Annex B for a listing and description of classes.
1.2 Description
The purpose of this Standard is to promote lift truck safety and minimize the risk of injury to workers by specifying the essential elements of a lift truck safety program and prescribing requirements with respect to lift truck design and construction, maintenance and inspection, safe operation, and operator training.
This Standard also outlines recommended qualifications for trainers and maintenance technicians.
This Standard can also be used as a guide for Canadian federal, provincial, and other regulatory bodies in the development and promulgation of appropriate health and safety legislation and directives concerning lift trucks.
1.3
Clause 4 of this Standard specifies the key elements of a lift truck safety program, including general medical and physical fitness requirements for lift truck operators.
1.4
Clause 5 of this Standard sets forth safety standards for the design and construction of lift trucks at the time of manufacture.
1.5
Clause 6 of this Standard provides minimum requirements for initial and ongoing familiarization and upgrade training in the operation of lift trucks, including any of their attachments.
Notes:
a)
Due to the different design of vehicles classified as Class 6, non-powered high lift trucks, and personnel and burden carriers, only certain parts of Clause 6 will be relevant; however, appropriate training for these classes is to be provided to operators of said equipment.
b)
Job and/or familiarization training of lift truck operators for particular lift trucks requiring special needs or specialized equipment and/or used in a specific workplace environment are in addition to the basic training requirements of this Standard.
1.6
Clause 7 of this Standard outlines the minimum qualifications for a trainer delivering a lift truck operator training program as outlined in Clause 6.
1.7
Clause 8 of this Standard covers inspection, maintenance, and repair of lift trucks and their attachments.
1.8
Clause 9 of this Standard outlines the minimum qualifications for a maintenance technician inspecting and maintaining a lift truck as outlined in Clause 8.
1.9 Units of measure
The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.10 Terms
In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard.
Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.
Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.
Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.
You may comment on any section of this document by clicking the “Submit Comment” link at the bottom of the relevant section.